Pattern Choice Research Of Employer Pension Plan In China

In china "s process of advocating to establish employer pension system gradually,as to the pattern of employer pension plan,there is an argument in the domestic academic circles on adopting Defined Contribution plan(DC pattern)or Defined Benefit plan(DB pattern).One viewpoint only approves DC pattern,repelling DB pattern.Another one approves DB pattern or the combined pattern.This question is discussed in this article.Employer pension plan has been carried on for more than 100 years in developed countries.Its pattern experienced three phases,namely,DB pattern,DC pattern and the present combined pattern.The reason of the shifts can be attributed to such three aspects as the macroscopic economic environment,the microscopic enterprises and the staffs.Each of the two patterns has both advantages and disadvantages. This article has made detailed induction and analysis by comparing the two patterns in charges and pays,the investment decision-making and the risk undertaking,relations with the staffs,funds operation and supervision,social function.The two patterns both play an important role in securing the staffs ' retirement income,though they differ from each other greatly.In deciding which pattern to choose,considertion should also be given to the staffs,the enterprises and the macroscopic economic environment.The reason of establishing employer pension plan in our country is different from that in the western countries.The enterprises in our country may be divided into the types of the extra large and large scale, large and middle scale,middle and small scale.Analyze the suitable employer pension plan to the enterprises from the characteristics of the enterprises and the staffs.The innovation of the article lies in the two points.First,by using the comparative analysis method,analyzed the characteristics of the two patterns in detail,and made up for the inadequate understanding of the two patterns in current theorists.Second,combined fundamental research and policy discussion with our country's concrete practice.The conclusions drawn from the article are as follows.First,as a result of the fact that our country ' s capital market is imperfect and the state-owned enterprises have to solve many problems left over by history during the transition of social security system,at the beginning of the employer pension development,in general,DB pattern or the combined pattern is suitable to some profession enterprises and the large scale state-owned enterprises.Some large and middle scale enterprises may mainly use DC pattern to attract the talented person and to improve the competitive power.It is hard for the middle and small scale enterprises at present to establish employer pension plan in a short time,owing to the insufficient needs to it now.Second,after going through the initial development stage,along with our country ' s economic growth,perfection of the capital market,enhancement of individual investment concept,the employer pension plan may gradually turn to DC pattern,but may still not repel DB pattern.Third, a country's social economic policy can play the role only when it is rooted in its political,economical,social and humanity environment.We should permit different professions and different enterprises to choose employer pension plan voluntarily and diversify the types of employer pension plan.On the pattern choice of employer pension plan,we should combine the reasonable essences of the two patterns with the national condions according to a country's macroscopic economical environment,the basic conditions of the enterprises and the staffs,and establish our distinctive employer pension plan.Fourth,the most important thing at present for the development of employer pension plan in our country is to provide the environment of tax revenue,legal system and investment.