.20 Since The 1950s, The Kuroshio Hydrological Elements Of The Distribution Of The Characteristics Of Our Climate

Kuroshio performs a vital role in the meridional heat transport of Pacific Ocean. It transfers enormous energy to the mid-high latitudes and releases huge heat flux to the atmosphere above. The interactions between Kuroshio and marginal seas exert great influence on the off shore circulations. In previous studies, few oceanographers focus on the induction of long-term observation data, while most meteorologists focus on SST, based on reanalysis data of lower resolution.Starting with the now available long-term field measured data of high resolution, by means of systematically deduce and quality control, this paper provided the distribution of temperature, salinity and velocity in several typical layers in Kuroshio area in east of China,as well as the distribution of currents and gyre in average state.Distinguished from previous studies using reanalysis data of lower resolution, this paper also provide time series of temperature and salinity in the upper layer of Kuroshio in East China Sea, based on the field measured temperature and salinity data in the upper layer at the PN section of Kuroshio. Further analyses reveal that:①the increasing rate of temperature in the upper layer of Kuroshio is significantly higher than that of global ocean, therefore, the Kuroshio region is also a sensitive area in global warming.②Both temperature and salinity in the upper layer of Kuroshio in East China Sea experienced seasonal, inter-annual and decadal variations.Correlation analyses show that in winter, the temperature increase of Kuroshio in the upper layer matches along with the temperature increase in the east of mainland China, while the decrease of Kuoshio salinity in the upper layer corresponds to the precipitation increase over mid-lower reaches of Yangtze River valley.