North Luo River Tenebrionidae (coleoptera) Species Diversity

45 % of the known Tenebrionidae species distribute in the northern desert, semi-desert regions in China. Tenebrionidae insects with various morphology and diverse types of life history frequently colonize a larger number of communites, and form a parallel evolutionary relationship with the environments. These beetles offten cluster in variors habitats such as natural and animals caves, under-bark and bark tunnel, Vegetation roots trace , all kinds of Barriers and Excreta. Especially, they consistently distribute with the plant communities. So they are considered as indicator species for the degree of vegetation degradation and soil desertification.Using the methods of Species abundance, species-abundance relationships, diversity index and multiple stepwise regression analysis, this thesis investigated the status of Tenebrionidae species diversity, species and its structural condition and changes with the seasons and spaces in the North Luo River Basin, and provides the basic information for Biodiversity Conservation and ecological environment of the North Luo River Basin for sustainable development.This experiment has collected 2016 Tenebrionidae specimens, which belong to 2 subfamilies 8 tribes 10 genera 13 species (Including Blaps sp.). 2 genera, 3 species of Opatrini, 1 genera, 1 species of Cryticini, 1 genera, 1 species of Tentyriini, 2 genera, 4 species of Blaptini(Including Blaps sp.), 1 genera, 1 species of Platyscelidini, 1 genera, 1 species of Akidini, 1 genera, 1 species of Alphitobiini, 1 genera, 1 species of Alleculini. Among them, the Opatrini species occupies 79.61% of the total specimen, Gonocephalum reticulatum and Opatrum subaratum is the dominant species in this area, which occupies 43.1% and 28.72% respectively in total. Prosodes (Platyprosodes) kreitneri is very few, which occupy only 0.35%.Diversity indices analysis in different months and different locations using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Margalef abundance index, the Pielou uniformity index, the Simpson dominance index. The variational trend of diversity index in different month is the following: Shannon-Wiener is May>July-August> June>September, the overall tendency is reverse with a month of increase; Margalef is May>June>July～August>September; Simpson is June>September>July～August >May; The trend of Pielou is the same as Shannon-Wiener. The variational trend of diversity index in different site is the following: Tenebrionidae of the Wuqi County in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the Margalef abundance index and the Pielou uniformity index all is highest, the Simpson dominance index is lowest; Luochuan County in the Simpson is highest.The species-abundance model of different months and locations to Preston's lognormal distribution. The Tenebrionidae's dominant and rare species were few, and the species in the intermediate state were rich comparatively in the North Luo River Basin, Explained this region environment isotropic, suits many kinds of species coexistence.The similar analysis to the North Luo River Basin of different months and different locations, the clustering results of different months show that the similarity of July-August and September were high, besides May and June species distribution similarity were not remarkable, other each month of between Tenebrionidae species distribution similarity were extremely to be remarkable (P<0.01); The clustering results of different locations show that the similarity of Luochuan Country and Huangling Country are high, Between various counties Tenebrionidae species distribution similarity were extremely significant between various counties (P<0.01).The results of PCA to climate and Tenebrionidae species of different locations show the cumulative percent of three principal components of climate reach 93.514%, the cumulative percent of four principal components of Tenebrionidae species reach 94.898%, which also occupy vast informations and may represented the characteristics of the whole community.The results of the regression equation and the distinction coefficient illustrute that the climate factors affecting the species diversity and numbers of Tenebrionidae insects are the average temperature of years, the extreme high temperature, the year average total precipitation, the average total precipitation of May to September and May to September highest precipitation and so on. The average temperatures and the average precipitation play a crucial role for the occurrence of Tenebrionidae insects. The main Constraints to these beetles is excessive rainfall.