Wild Qinling Chuan Golden Monkey (rhinopithecus Roxellana) Grooming And Mating Of The Mutual Relations And Its Impact Factors

1. Study of the correlation between grooming and mating in Qinling golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana)From September 16,2008 to June 10,2009 we used focal animal sampling and all occurrence sampling and we chose four main families (one male unit) from Qinling golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) as observed objects, in order to analyze the behavior of grooming and sex between adult males and adult females and then determined whether there is a relationship between grooming and sexual behavior. In this study, I recorded 1123 samples (basal samples and post-grooming samples),4657 grooming data and 371 mating data. It showed that:(1) Female-to-male grooming duration and mating frequency between male and female all have significant differences between the mating season and the interval, female-to-male grooming duration is positively related to mating frequency between male and female (rs=0.850, N=9, P=0.004), but male-to-female grooming duration do not change significantly by seasons. (2) In the mating season, the frequency of female sexual behavior will be significantly increased after been groomed by male (t=-2.086, P=0.045), grooming by male seems to promote the occurrence of female sexual behavior; The male sexual behavior frequency with his grooming partner was significantly higher than the frequency with other females (t=2.299, P=0.031). (3) In male-to-female grooming, male mate-related grooming duration and non-mate-related grooming duration have no significant differences (t=1.327, P=0.193); In female-to-male grooming, female mate-related grooming duration is significantly higher than non-mate-related grooming duration (t=2.628, P=0.012). The results showed that grooming is an important strategy for Qinling golden monkeys to gain more mating opportunities, grooming can promote the relationship between males and females, and can promote mating success further, which is consistent with the biological market theory. 2. factors that will influence the relationship between grooming and mating in Qinling golden monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) In non-human primates, the relationship between grooming and mating will be influences by rank, reproductive status, sex ratio, kinship and other factors. We chose the number of females in OMU and the physiological status of female as two main factors which will possibly influence the relationship between grooming and mating to do further study. This study found that:(1) There is no significant correlation between the number of females in OMU and male mate-related grooming duration (rs=-0.394, N=4, P=0.606), but significant correlation between the number of females in OMU and female mate-related grooming duration (rs=0.967, N=4, P=0.033), female seems to face greater pressure of competition in the OMU which contains more females. (2) In the mating season, mate-related grooming duration of females who without infants was significantly higher than that of females who have infants (t=-12.936, df=166, P＜0.001), the former are willing to pay more grooming duration to gain more mating opportunities, which may be related to female reproductive strategies. The results showed that the number of females in OMU and the physiological status of female really have strong influences on the relationship between grooming and mating in Qinling golden monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana), which is consistent with the biological market theory.