Fecal Coprinus Mycelium Preserved And Biological Activity

Coprinus sterquilinus Fr. belongs to Coprinacease, Agaricales, Holobasidiomycetidae, Hymenomycetes. The tender hymenium is edible. It is effective in reinforcing the stomach, resolving phlegm, detoxicating and detumescence. It can be helpful to digestive system and cure piles. Coprinus sterquilinus Fr. distributes wildly in Hebei, Jiangsu, Taiwan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other provinces of China, also have lots of bioactivities such as the anti-tumor, antivirus, immunomodulatory and so on. It is one of new hotspot in drug research.Searching the bioactive substances from plant is one of the most important ways to develop innovative drugs currently. The purpose of this study is to explore the preservation method and bioactivity of Coprinus sterquilinus Fr., select conventional tumor cells in vitro for the anti-tumor research preliminary and develop a new way in drug exploring for Coprinus sterquilinus Fr.This thesis aimed to explore the most suitable preservation method in laboratory and the bioactivity for mycelium of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. Based on characteristics of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. species, five commonly methods of microbiological preservation were used for comparative study, they were periodic transplantation preservation, liquid wax preservation, carrier preservation, freeze-drying preservation and liquid nitrogen cryopreservation. Biomass carbon and nitrogen sources were choose to evaluate the bioassay. Periodic transplantation preservation is more applicable to the short-term preservation of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. The microwave-assisted extraction technology was used to extract Coprinus sterqulinus Fr polysaccharides (CPS) from the dried powder of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. On the basis of single-factor experiments, the microwave power, extracting time and the ratio of liquid to solid were optimized according to the mathematic model built by Central Composite Design in Design Expert Software on the rationale of response surface methodology. The optimum microwave-assisted extraction technology is as follows:the microwave power 637W, extracting time 3min,the ratio of solid and liquid 1:23. In this condition the extracting rate of polysaccharide was 14.39%.Based on it, we choose two aspects:the antibacterial activity and anti-tumor effect to study on the bioactivity of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. Aqueous extracts and polysaccharide, isolated from the mycelium of liquid-cultured Coprinus sterqulinus Fr., were selected to investigate the antibacterial activity of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. against 5 species of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms:Staphylococcus aureus, Ktebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The antibacterial activity of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. extracts was measured in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MICs of aqueous extracts and polysaccharide against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa were 32,16,16,32 mg/ml and 5.75,2.875,1.4375,14.375 mg/ml, respectively. But they did not exhibit antibacterial activity against C. albicans. The aqueous extracts against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa belonged to the medium sensitivity; the polysaccharide against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, E. coli belonged to the highly sensitivity, and against P. aeruginosa belonged to the medium sensitivity.The acute toxicity of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. was studied by maximum tolerated dose. The activities and weight growth of mice was normal and no disorder happened. The test result indicates that the acute toxicity of Coprinus sterqulinus Fr. was very low. Aqueous extracts and polysaccharide expressed lower inhibiting effect on S180 solid tumors in the mice by gastric perfusion and have no effects on index of the spleen and thymus.