Extracted From The Castor Cake Ricinine

As a kind of bio-active substance, alkaloid is one of the active ingredients in medicinal plants. How to extract, isolate and identify alkaloids from natural products has caused wide public concern over the recent years. The extraction, isolation and identification has constantly improved and developed. Castor is one of the world's top ten oil crops in the world, and the castor cake can be obtained after the oil was extracted from castor. Ricinine, as a key ingredient of Castor cake, is one of the important natural active components. Ricinine is chiefly found in the stems, leaves, seeds and the bud of castor, especially in the seed leaf of castor cake. As the properties of many central nervous system stimulants, Ricinine can cause clonic seizures of animals, respiratory depression, even death in high doses. However, ricinine can improve the memory or protect liver at low doses. At present, senile dementia has caused a series of serious social problem, and its incidence is sharply increasing. As we all know, memory recession is the early clinical manifestations of brain aging. Therefore, it is of great significance to the study of ricinine in castor.In this thesis, a comparison analysis of water extraction, alcohol extraction, acid aqueous extraction and petroleum extraction was studied in this paper and water extraction was selected as the best to extract ricinine. Through single-factor experiments and response surface experimental, the optimal extraction parameters to extract ricinine was established: extraction temperature 95℃, ratio of material to liquid 1:10, extraction time 1h, extraction rate 0.37%.Three methods of macroporous resin method, organic solvent extraction method and ethanol recrystallization method were compared to purify ricinine, and the optimal purification process was ethanol recrystallization method through Uitra-violet Spectrum scann. The optimized parameters of ricinine were:chloroform recirculation temperature 76-78℃; chloroform recirculation time 4h; chloroform recirculation times 3times; recrystallization temperature 72℃; castor bean meal:ethanol (g:v) 10:1. Structure of ricinine is identified by a comprehensive analysis of infrared spectrometer, HPLC, MS m/z and NMR Spectrometer, whose chemical name is 3-cyano-4-methoxy-l-methyl-2-pyridine and molecular formula is C8H8N2O2, consistent with the literature.In this thesis, through the water maze experiments were studied to evaluate scopolamine-induced learning and memory in handicapped rats, the results indicated that ricinine in castor can enhance the memory of injury animals to some extent.