| In rencent years, the frequently haze in most part of China can not only cause the atmospheric visibility reduction and the degradation of the air quality, but also bring many adverse effects to the daily life and work. The condition of the air environment quility has recently aroused great attention from various circles of society. Human activities emitted large amount of pollutants into the air environment, which can be adsorbed in the atmospheric particulate and then transmit on a global scope by the atmospheric movement, they will enter into the soil and water at last, affecting the ecosystem environment. Therefore, we can understand the environment pollution condition and pollution sources in the atmospheric environment better by researching the pollutants in the dry and wet precipitation.We set 11 sampling points in east-central China in this study, they were Zhengzhou, Shijiazhuang, Jiaxiang, Lanzhou, Qingdao, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Nanjing, Lin’an, Guangde and Xi’an, where snowed on On February 5 or 18 in 2014. 55 samples were selected in this study, in which 22 kinds of trace elements(e.g. Mn, Fe, Zn, Ba, P Cu, Pb, Br, V, Cr, Co, Ni, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sb, I, Pt, Pd, Rh and Hg)were measured. Firstly, we analysised the elemental composition in each place, the concentration level and the spatial distribution characteristics, and the comparsion with other historical data collected from the word was also taken in this study. Secondly, correlation analysis, enrichment factor method, principal component analysis and back trajectory analysis were also be used to analyze the source of pollutants in the snow of east-central China. In the end, the aresic species in the samples were separated and measured, the main form of the arsenic species in the sampling sites were analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) The average concentrations of the trace elements in the snow samples in east-central China were ordered from high to low as Fe >Zn > P > Ba > Mn > Br > Cu > Pb > > As I > Ni > V > Cr > Sb > Se > Mo > Co > Cd, element Fe, with the mean concentration of 30.84μg /L, accouting for about 29% of the total amount of elements, was the most abundant element in the snow samples. Zn(18.95μg L-1) came second, accouting for about 18% of the total amount of elements. Overall, four elements such as Pt, Pd, Rh and Hg were not detected in the samples.(2) The elements total concentration in the snow samples collected from the eleven cities in east-central China tended to be the same trend when compared with the AQI of each sampling sites. The AQI and elements concentration in Shijiazhuang, Xi’an and Lanzhou were all higher than other cities, which in Qingdao, Wuhan, Hangzhou and Lin’an were all lower.(3) In this study, four functional areas were set in the sampling sites, they were industrial area, business area, residential area and suburb. The elements concentrations in these areas were detected and analyzed, indicating that the elements concentration in different functional areas were ordered from high to low as industrial area > residential area > business area > suburb. The concenttation of industrial area, residential area, business area and suburb were 135.26μg/L, 94.99μg/L, 88.64μg/L and 66.79μg/L.(4) In the snow samples, elements such as Zn, Co, Ni, Cu, Se, As, Cd, Pb, V and Sb were enriched abviously. The enrichment of Zn and Pb was related to the use of vehicles in cities. The enrichment of V, Co, Ni, Cu, Se and Sb was related to the burning of fossil fuels and coal in winter. The enrichment of As, Se, Cd was associated with waste incineration. At the same time, the accumulation of elements was influenced by the western, northeastern, eastern and northwestern air mass.(5) Arsenic species(AsⅢ, AsⅤ, DMA and MMA) in the samples of Zhengzhou, Shijiazhuang, Jiaxiang, Wuhan and Guangde were separated and measured by a combination technique(HPLC-ICP-MS). Inorganic arsenic(AsⅢ and AsⅤ) were found to be the main form of arsenic species in the samples. Key Words: snow; wet precipitation; trace elements; arsenic species; ICP-MS;... |
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