Characteristics Of Air Pollution And Chemical Composition Of PM_2.5 In Handan

China has been a regional that one of the most polluted by PM_2.5 with the rapid development of society and economy, especially for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River Delta and the centre of mainland. This study employed the concentrations of air pollutants based on the four monitoring sits at Handan, including SO2、NOx、CO、O3、PM_2.5 and PM10, and sampling by a high volume PM_2.5 air sampler to discusses the variation characteristics of air pollutants and chemical composition of PM_2.5, quantitative relationship among pollution factors, meteorological factors and chemical composition of PM_2.5. Then it is explained that the local source apportionment of PM_2.5 and quantify it using mathematical statistics and the factor analysis.The total number of haze days occurred in Handan is 160 and the fall and winter seasons are dominated, which the mild haze occur in spring, summer and fall predominantly and the severe haze that in winter. The level of haze is mostly related to the relative humidity, which the sever haze usually accompany with high relative humidity and mild haze with lower relative humidity.The most polluted seasons were fall and winter causing by air pollutants and particulate matter in Handan during the whole year in 2013. For air pollutants, the year mean value of NOx, SO2, PM_2.5 and PM10 were 94μg·m-3�'� 97μg·m-3, 237μg·m-3 and 140μg·m-3, which were 1.9, 1.6, 4 and 3.4 times bigger than the national standard, respectively. The mean concentrations of PM_2.5 was 181.7μg·m-3 in haze days that was 2.7 times bigger than that in non-haze days. The increasing of PM_2.5 was higher than that of PM10, which maybe more cause haze days easily.The SO42-, NO3- and NH4+ are dominated in PM_2.5 of Handan and the sum ratio of total water soluble ions（TWSI） to PM_2.5 is 45.1%（winter）, 46.4%（spring）, 56.1%（summer） and 31%（fall）, respectively. Whatever the haze days or clean days, the major water soluble ions were SO42-, NO3- and NH4+, which existed steady as（NH4）2SO4 and NH4NO3 from the same source. The correlation between K+ and other ions is significantly in fall and winter seasons due to the biomass combustion is increasing those seasons. The significant correlation between SO42- and NO3- is 0.98 in fall, then 0.92 in spring, 0.88 in winter, 0.85 in summer, indicating that the rising of combustion from coal and oil. The relationship of ions each other weaken when the hazes days occurred which dominated that the secondary reaction of components caused by meteorological and liquid phase transformation.The concentrations of sulfate was increasing as that of sulfur dioxide and the SOR was 0.82 in summer and 0.11 in winter, respectively. The reason of the higher temperature in summer was good to the transformation of SO2 to SO42-. The NOR was between 0.17 and 0.44 which indicated the meteorological transformation contributed the NO3-. What’s more, the ratios of NO3-/SO42- were 0.50¹.23 which indicated the stationary sources was the major sources at Handan in 2013.The highest frequency of the wind direction is calm weather all year that maybe result in the severe air pollution in Handan. The contribution from Henan, Shandong and Shanxi provinces are higher than Shijiazhuang and Xingtai that located the north of Handan due to the wind direction, which is mostly from eastern to north and western. For PM_2.5 and PM10, the air pollutants are influenced by local and regional source The regional contributions of PM_2.5 are 38%（spring）, 38%（summer）, 56%（fall） and 58%（winter） by learning four typical severe most polluted episodes at four seasons. The local emission is also the most significant source contribution in Handan.The water soluble ions in PM_2.5 were mostly from the combustion of coal and biomass, which the contributions were 43.2%, secondary organic aerosols of 22.5% and dust from soil and construction of 18.6%, respectively. The major contributions were coal, biomass combustion and vehicle exhaust in carbonaceous in PM_2.5, which the ratios were 39.3% of coal combustion and diesel vehicle emission, 28.4% of biomass combustion and 16.3% of vehicle exhaust, respectively.