| High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most important analysis of separation technology in the modern chromatography, is a continuous multiple exchange process the solute between the stationary phase and mobile phase. It separate different solute by the exclusion which caused by the partition coefficient, affinity, adsorption capacity, ion exchange or molecular size exclusion between the stationary phase and mobile phase.Due to its features as efficient separation, high analysis speed and high detection sensitivity, HPLC is widely used in biochemical, pharmaceutical, food, natural product, environment. Sample pretreatment technology occupies an important position in the chromatographic analysis for complex matrix, thus it attract broad attention by chromatographic researchers.In this paper, using ionic liquid as the extractant to extract the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine, ionic liquid as a new type of green extraction agent combines with the ultrasonic assisted extraction technology used in the sample preparation, not only can improve the efficiency of extraction, but also can reduce pollution of the environment.The article mainly includes the review and the research report. The part of review mainly summarizes the high performance liquid chromatography. Chinese herbal medicine, phenolic compounds, sample preparation technology and its research progress. The part of study mainly introduce the sample pretreatment technology based on the ionic liquid, and combines with high performance liquid chromatography in the determination and extraction of the phenolic compounds of Chinese herbal medicine.1. Application of Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of five Phenolic compounds from fig(Ficus carica L.) for HPLC-UVIonic liquid-based ultrasonic assisted extraction (IL-UAE) was successfully developed to extract the known phenolics gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, psoralen. and bergapten present in the leaves, pulps, and peels of Ficus carica L.. In this work, the proposed method was evaluated in comparison with regular ultrasonic assisted extraction in which methanol was the extractant and exhibited higher efficiency. Moreover, ionic liquids with different cations were investigated and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate solution was selected as the optimal extractant at concentration of 1.0 mol L-1. The corresponding extraction parameters including extraction solvent, the concentration of [BMIM][PF6], solid-liquid ratio (g mL-1), ultrasonic extraction time, and extraction temperature were optimized. The phenolics were then determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Under the optimized conditions, the content of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin. psoralen, and bergapten in leaves, pulps, and peels of Ficus carica L. was 12.67-37.16, 14.75-90.07,107.91-222.37,2.59-67.83,1.99-20.21 μg/0.1g, respectively. This study suggests that IL-UAE is a rapid, simple, and green preparation technique.2. Determination of Five Organic Acids and Flavonoids in Perilla Frutescens by High Performance Liquid ChromatographyA simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, luteolin and apigenin from Perilla frutescens using methanol as extractant with ultrasonic assisted extraction. Five compounds were isolated by using a Phenomenex C18 column with a gradient elution, the mobile phase was methanol-0.1% acetic acid solution with the UV detection wavelength at 320 nm and the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The linearity range for caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, luteolin and apigenin were found to be 0.00122-61.00 μg/mL.0.00106-53.00 μg/mL,0.00128-64.00 μg/mL, 0.00120-60.00 μg/mL and 0.00112-56.00 μg/mL, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.99999,0.99999,0.99991,0.99994 and 0.99995 respectively. It was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. The limits of detection (LOD) are 0.1019,0.3926,0.3559,0.2862 ng/mL and 0.2025 ng/mL, respectively. Accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery studies at three different levels for all the three compounds and the average percentage recoveries were ranged from 95.79% to 101.41%. The proposed method was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and accuracy. It provides a new and scientific means for routine quality control of perilla frutescens.3. Sensitive determination of syringin, rutin, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in Herba Saussureae Involucratae by HPLCA simple method based on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) with using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as extractant has developed for the rapid determination of syringin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid in Herba Saussureae Involucratae. Four compounds have been isolated by using a Phenomenex C18 column with a gradient elution, the mobile phase was methanol-0.1% acetic acid solution with the UV detection wavelength at 270 nm and the flow rate of 0.80 mL min-1.The linearity range for syringin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid were found to be 0.00108-108.00, 0.00106-106.00,0.00208-208.00, and 0.00154-154.00 μg·mL-1, respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.99999,0.99988,0.99999, and 0.99997, respectively. It was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.0374,0.0094,0.1018,0.0549 ng·mL-1, respectively. Accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery studies at three different concentration levels for all the three compounds and the average percentage recoveries were ranged from 96.12% to 101.09%. The proposed method was found to be sensitive, simple, precise, and accuracy. It provides a new and scientific means for routine quality control of Herba Saussureae Involucratae.4. Sensitive Determination of Bergenin, Protocatechuic Acid and Gallic Acid in Saxifrage by HPLCA simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of bergenin, protocatechuic acid and gallic acid from saxifrage using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as extractant with ultrasonic assisted extraction. Three compounds were isolated by using a Phenomenex C18 column in methanol-0.2% acetic acid solution (20:80. v/v) with the flow rate of 0.80 mL/min and the UV detection wavelength at 365 nm. The linearity range for bergenin, protocatechuic acid and gallic acid were found to be 0.00156-130 μg/mL,0.00172-143 μg/mL and 0.00140-116 μg/mL respectively, and the correlation coefficients are 0.99999,0.99988 and 0.99993, respectively. It was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. The limits of detection (LOD) are 0.1295 ng/mL,0.0749 ng/mL and 0.0277 ng/mL, respectively. Accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery studies at three different levels for all the three compounds and the average percentage recoveries were ranged from 91.10% to 98.26%. The proposed method was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and accuracy. It provides a new and scientific means for routine quality control of saxifrage. |
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