Recrystallization Of LLM-105 And Synthesis, Characterization, Catalytic Performance Of Its Energetic Complexes

2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) is potential insensitive high energy explosive with high energy, low mechanical sensitivity and good thermal stability. In this paper, N,N-dimethyl formanide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO), and N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP) are chosen as solvent to recrystal LLM-105. The influence of refining conditions on microtopography, particle size, thermal decomposition performance, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are studied. In the process, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results of LLM-105 thermal decomposition are tested when the heating rate is 5 K/min,10 K/min,15 K/min,20 K/min and their activation energy are calculated respectively through Kissinger method.Results show that, the sample recrystalled through DMF is mostly long and thin with some irregular particles, about 90% of its particle size is less than 63.78 μm, thermal decomposition peak is 352.5 ℃, activation energy is 235.32 KJ/mol, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are respectively 28% and 22%; the sample recrystalled through DMSO is mostly regular short block and they are smooth, about 90%of its particle size is less than 46.54μm, thermal decomposition peak is 357.4℃, activation energy is 239.95 KJ/mol, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are respectively 20% and 18%; the sample recrystalled through NMP are mostly irregular particles, about 90% of its particle size is less than 44.18 μm, thermal decomposition peak is 340.7℃, activation energy is 229.97 KJ/mol, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are respectively 38% and 30%. Comprehensive analysis show that, DMSO is a ideal solvent to get the most thermal stability and lowest sensitivity LLM-105. In additon,2,6-diamino pyrazine(DAPO), 2,6-diamino-3-nitropyrazine (DANPO) and LLM-105 are chosen as ligand and Bi3+、 Cu2+、Pb2+as metal ion to get eight energetic complexes, and its formula is analysed through FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analyses results. They are Cu(C4H5N4O)(CH3COO)、Bi(C4H4N5O3)3、Cu(C4H4N5O3)(CH3COO)、Pb(C4H3N5O3)、 Cu(C4H3N6O5)(CH3COO)�'�Pb(C4H2N6O5). Among these, for Bi3+energetic complex, the ligand loses one proton and connect with Bi3+through NH and N+rO-, the proportion between ligand and metal ion is 3:1. For Cu2+energetic complex, the ligand loses one proton and CH3COOH loses one proton, and they connect with Cu2+, the proportion is 1:1:1.. For Pb energetic complex, the ligand loses one proton for every amino,and they are connected through NH and N+-O- with Pb2+, the proportion is 1:1.For the widely use of energetic complex in propellant, the influence of energetic complex on AP is studied through TG/DTG and DSC skills. The results show that: Bi(C4H5N4O)3 can bring the LTD (low thermal decomposition) and HTD (high thermal decomposition) of AP ahead 50.58℃ and 61.64 ℃respectively and increase its decomposition heat by 293.90 J/g; Cu(C4H5N4O)(CH3COO) can make the LTD and HTD coincide and bring the HTD of AP ahead 101.06 ℃, and increase its decomposition heat by 343.90 J/g. Bi(C4H4N5O3)3 can bring the LTD and HTD of AP ahead 66.67℃and 58.23℃respectively and increase its decomposition heat by 329.77 J/g; Cu(C4H4N5O3)(CH3COO) can bring the LTD and HTD of AP ahead 57.50℃and 58.23℃respectively and increase its decomposition heat by 195.67 J/g; Pb(C4H3N5O3) can bring the LTD and HTD of AP ahead 78.14℃ and 59.37℃ respectively and increase its decomposition heat by 446.99 J/g. Cu(C4H3N6O5)(CH3COO) can bring the LTD and HTD of AP ahead 86.16 ℃ and 51.06℃respectively and increase its decomposition heat by 245.68 J/g; Pb(C4H2N6O5) can make the LTD and HTD of AP coincide, the overall peak is brought ahead 83.8℃and its decomposition heat is increased by 494.01 J/g. The whole comparision shows that:Bi(C4H5N4O)3 and Pb(C4H3N5O3) can accelerate the thermal decomposition process of AP effectively and increase its heat release a lot. That means they both have good catalytic performance and are potential as combustion catalyst.