Study Of Preparation Of Cellulose-based Environment Functional Materials And Their Properties

With the rapid growth of global population and world economy, resources shortage and environmental issues have become serious threat to human survival. Thus, it is very important to develop environmental friendly functional material using renewable resources.Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural polymer, a renewable resource with a low price, can be used for preparation of biodegradable materials, cellulose also has complicated micro fiber structure, can be used as ideal biological template to fabricate functional nanomaterials. In this paper, we carry out the study and preparation of environment functional materials based on cellulose, trying to achieve environmental and economic benefits.As the main raw material, cotton cellulose was acetylated into cellulose acetate, then mixed with different proportion of starch acetate acetylated from corn starch in laboratory. Using tributyl citrate as cross-linking agent, casting solution was prepared through cross-Claisen condensation reaction occurred among the mixture, and biodegradable plastic films were fabricated via phase separation method. The fabricated films were characterized by FT-TR, XRD, SEM, TGA, mechanical properties and soil burial test. We found that the components of the fabricated films well integrated and homogeneously dispersed throughout the films matrix, the fabricated films have neat and compact structure, with mechanical properties and thermal stability which were comparable to conventional plastic films and hardly thermal decomposed under 205 oC. A degradation-in-soil test showed that the fabricated films can be well degraded in nature environment, and the degradation rate of the fabricated films can be controlled by changing the mass ratio of SA in the film.Using cellulose from absorbent cotton and filter paper as template and tetrabutyl titanate as precursor, with and without cerium-doped titania film was deposited on natural cellulose by means of surface sol-gel. Subsequently, the titania/cellulose nanocomposites were carbonized in nitrogen or calcined in air to obtain with and without cerium-doped titania coated carbon nanofibrous materials or with and without cerium-doped titania nanotube materials. The prepared photocatalyst samples were characterized by FT-TR, XRD, SEM, TGA, BET and degradation of methylene blue. It is found that the titania sol was turned into anatase titania thin films and well adhered on the surface of carbon nanofibers, immobilized and successfully copied the microstructure characteristics of cellulose. The prepared catalyst samples with relative considerable specific surface area and well built crystal structure, and doped cerium improved the crystallization properties of the samples and photocatalytic performance as well.