| Selection of replacer of Avitone-A or technical optimization were reseached in detail in this paper. The subject cooperated between JinLong company of Anhui province and Kunming University of Science Technology is aiming to find one or two efficient additives of copper electrolysis which can substitute for Avitone-A, and is expected to resolve the stoppage of the production of Avitone-A made in Du Pont company of United States due to the productive pollution. The substitute is supposed to industrialize and produce the high-quality cathode copper under the higher electric current density, and its price is also supposed to be proper.In order to find the requiring substitute, there were three steps. First, elementary selection of the additive was proceeded. The mechanism and function of additive was also explored. Second, experimental research of selected additive combined with the preparation of copper electrolysis refinement was done. Finally, stoichiometry of the substitute, glue and thiourea was decided through the industry experiment, and the result of substitue was inspected. The main conclusions are showed as follow:Check and search related data, proceed elementary analysis, Choose 41 kinds of additives for experimental selection. And the result which was resembling with Avitone-A demonstrated that small size, smooth and flat surface of the properties of cathode copper was investigated with the mixture of propylene-thiourea, WLN-1, WHN-1, WHN-2, glue, and thiourea .The composition of additive was researched by Roman spectrum and Infrared spectrum. The size of particle was observed by metallographic microscope. We testified that WHN-1 and WHN-2 were the major factor and both of them produced the similar effect which could be used at the same time or only one of them by perpendicular experimentation of new-type additive. Though the additive of propylene-thiourea, WLN-K JBX influenced slightly.We designed and stimulated the dynamic experiment in order to investigate the effect of selected additive. The experimental showed that under the condition of high electric current density 270~300A/m2 proper stoichiometry of glue and thiourea( glue 5mg/l,thiourea3.5mg/l) , cathode copper of small crystal and superficially smooth was obtained. In the light of the stable preparation, satisfactory consequence of experimental scale could be the gist of further amplificatory of industrial experimentation. Industrial experimentation was divided single-electrobath and twelve- electrobath. The former proceeded eight cycles, and the appearance quality of cathode copper at the first six cycles was unsteadily varied, and the rate of high-quality was also at low level. Under the controlled condition of electrolytic temperature, the concentration of copper ion and vitriol, and the stoichiometric modulation of additive, the appearance quality of cathode copper was steady at the last two cycles, especially the considerable enhancement of high-quality and high-rate. By single- electrobath experimentation the appropriate stoichiometry of additive was glue: 40~45g/t; thiourea60~65g/t; WHN-1: 91 g/t; JBX: 65 ml/t.Twelve- electrobath experimentation processed twenty cycles. It aimed to modulate the addition of WHN-2 #J JBX and the stoichiometry of glue and thiourea The chemical composition of cathode copper produced in experimentation has met the national standard, though the appearance quality of cathode copper still existed modulation. The ideal stoichiometry of new-type composite additive was glue: 65~75g/t; thiourea: 50-55 g/t: Cl-: 30mg/l; WHN-1: 55ml/t; JBX: 42~ 55 ml/t.According to the stoichiometry the rate of high-quality cathode copper was exceed 90%, but there was still a gap when it compared with produce system of JinLong company, the rate of high quality cathode copper was up to 98% ,and the optimum stoichiometry of all kinds of additive is supposed to further explore by experimentaion. |
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