Toluene Period Of Nitrification Process Optimization And Process Safety

The mononitration of toluene by mixed acid has been taken as a specific case of a heterogeneous liquid-liquid reaction. In this paper, the thermochemistry and thermodynamics parameters of semi-batch reaction were measured by adding toluene into the reactor filled with mixed acid, which can be used for safer operation design. Firstly, micro-thermal calorimeters (DTA, DSC) were used to qualitatively analyze the thermochemistry behaviour of reactants system under adiabatic mode; Subsequently a series of toluene nitration experiments were carried out in an isothermal reaction calorimeter (RCle) to study the influences of different operating conditions such as stirring speed feeding rate and setting temperature and so on . The thermal hazard assessment of toluene nitration was derived from the measured calorimetric data, the rate of the reaction the adiabatic temperature increase △T_ad and maximal temperature attainable MTSR_max in a runaway situation can also been derived. Results indicate that the severity of a loss of control for mononitration of toluene by mixed acid can be reduced from medium to low by using semi-batch reactor, the reaction is 1.2 kinetic order in toluene, 1.3 order in nitric acid and 2.5 order in all. The MTSR_max under setting operating conditions are all in the range that can be accepted by the industrial nitration, so the reaction has less hazard potential by using those setting conditions.