Shandong Province Acid Deposition Conditions And Genesis

The research about acid atmospheric deposition has not launched the range of the whole province in Shandong province at present. This article analysis the state of distribution of space-time of acid atmospheric deposition and find out the origin cause of formation, which will offer the important basic materials for the control in two control areas in Shandong, as the theoretical foundation about controlling acid atmospheric deposition. This research sets up the appraise method of the state and the analytical method of the origin cause of formation about acid atmospheric deposition, which have meaning of drawing lessons from to study of acid atmosphere deposition in northern area of china.Two methods are adopted, including density (precipitation acidity, chemistry make up, conductance rate) method and total amount (dry-wet deposition-flux) method, to describe the state of acid atmosphere deposition in Shandong urban area. The study proves: the annual border change of the acidity of precipitation of city presents the downward trend generally. Seasonal variation is winter and spring >autumn>summer; among 17 cities, acid rain had been examined out in history except for Zaozhuang, and the acidity of precipitation of Qingdao ranks first. Rainwater pollution belongs to sulphuric acid type, but in some city, for example, Qingdao change from sulphuric acid type to sulphuric acid-nitric acid type. By the anysis of sulphuric deposition dry-wet deposition flux of jinan,Qingdao,Zibo city, the contribution rate for sulphuric deposition to total dry-wet deposition flux is 80%-85%; Among the total dry sulphuric deposition, the contribution for SO₂ dry deposition is far higher than the rate of SO₄^2- dry deposition. Among the total sulphuric deposition, its own contribution account for 70%-80% by the province itself, which indicates, the acid atmosphere deposition in Shandong mainly comes from the discharge of causing sour material by itself.The research by correlation analysis method indicates: in precipitation depend on the proportion between acid and alkali ion, and is a important factor influencing [H⁺]. SO₄^2- is the main source resulted in acid. The relationship between precipitation PH value and conductance rate is nonsignificant. The relation- ship between [H⁺] precipitation and precipitation is significant, and [H⁺] increases with the increase of the precipitation. Every ion density reduces with increase of the precipitation. Precipitation acidity and the ground density of SO₂ ,NO_x causing sour material have no significant relationship, but the relationship between SO₂ and precipitation acidity is more significant; the relationship between annual mean PH value and TSP ,dust fall in individual spot is significant negative correlation ,and is nonsignificant correlation in most spot. Precipitation SO₄^2- average annual density and atmosphere SO₂ average annual density, precipitation SO₄^2- average annual density and atmospheric SO₂ average annual density, precipitation NO₃^- average annual density and atmospheric NO_x average annual density have no significant correlationship.The relationship between average precipitation PH value, precipitation SO₄^2- and the discharge intensity of SO₂ appear significant positive correlation, significant negative correlation and nonsignificant correlation, which prove precipitation acidity are affected not only by the discharge of causing sour gas in area, but also the input of causing sour gas out of area. The discharge amount of causing sour material is not the only factor which influence precipitation acidity. The area where precipitation acidity is highest is not found in the areawhere the discharge of causing sour material is largest. It proves that a certain amount of discharge source is an essential condition that the regional acid rain forms, but not the abundant condition, which includes kinds of natural factors. The acidity of precipitation depends on the kind and quantity of the acid, alkaline composition of precipitation. Alkaline composition, which plays a buffering role in precipitation sour, comes from atmospheric partial matter and NH3. The distribution of acid rain is altered by the acid-alkaline of the soil nearby city in shandong province. The cause of acid rain in Qingdao has close relationship with the particularity of the layer of meteorological condition.