Microemulsion Organic Reactions

Products of coupling reactions and the nitration of phenols possess various special properties and have found wide applications in agrochemistry, pharmaceuticals, dyes and functional materials. While some progress has been made in coupling reaction and nitration of phenols, it is still of necessity for the further research in more efficient, high selective and synthetically green reaction systems to meet with the requirements of the development of related fields.This article take the microemulsion which is environmentally as a medium. the effects of different components of microemulsion and their relationships was studied. The formation of the Microemulsion made up of OP-10/heptanes/butanol/water/1,2-propanediol/TBAB was studied, and these component's the best proportion was determined. Ullmann coupling reactions was studied in the media of oil in water type(O/W) type of microemulsion form from OP-10/heptanes/butanol/water/1,2-propanediol/TBAB. The coupling reactions of aromatic halides were firstly studied from the different factors of microemulsion and reactions. It was found that the yields in microemulsion were higher than those in biphase system. The conversion and selectivity of p-bromoanisole were 100% and 73.8% respectively at 80℃when the load of Pd/C is 2.5mol%, using complexity of potassium carbonate and sodium hydroxide as base. The nitration of phenol in the microemulsion of OP-10/heptanes/ethanol/water was also studied, and the effects of different factors on the selectivity such as the amount of nitric acid, time and temperature were systematically studied. It was obviously shown that good ortho-nitration selectivity of phenol could be achieved in the microemulsion.