Synthesis And Structural Characterization Of The Weight Of Dilute Alkali Metal Rubidium, Cesium Compounds

In recent years,with the applications of rubidium,cesium and their compounds in biochemistry, environmental chemistry and high-tech industry,we've realized the importance of the reseach on the synthesis,structure and physicochemical characterization of their compounds.In the first part of this dissertation,the basic knowledge of the applications,physiological functions of rubidium and cesium and the progress of their complexes are introduced and reviewed.In the second part of this dissertation,eight new rubidium or cesium complexes were synthesized through neutralization reactions using weak acids as ligands.The compounds include rubidium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate,rubidium 3,5-dinitrosalicylate,rubidium 2,4-dinitrophenoxide monohydrate,rubidium 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate,rubidium 1,3,5-trimesic acid,cesium 1,3,5-trimesic acid,rubidium 1,2,4-trimesic acid and cesium 1,2,4-trimesic acid.Their physicochemical properties were characterized by elemental analysis,FT-IR spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy and XRD.The crystal structures of three compounds,which are suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis,have been determined.The unit-cell parameters were listed below:Rubidium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate was monoclinic with space group P2₁/c and a=1.0200(2) nm,b=1.8072(4) nm, c=0.72789(15) nm,β=133.80(3)°.Rubidium 3,5-dinitrosalicylate was monoclinic with space group P2₁/c and a=0.75957(15) nm,b=0.72971(15) nm,c=1.7036(3) nm,13=95.10(3)°.Rubidium 2,4-dinitrophenoxide monohydrate was monoclinic with space group P2₁/c and a=0.58519(18) nm, b=2.0846(7) nm,c=0.7412(2) nm,8=93.148(5)°.The coordinate numbers of each rubidium atom in three compounds are different and the coordinate sphere around the metal cation is quite irregular. The distances of Rb-O in the compounds are varied in a wide range.After analysis the structures,we found:the three compounds have the layer structures with the cations and polar groups of the ligands in core domains sandwiched by the aromaticrings above and below.In the third part,weak acid compounds of triazoles and tetrazoles were selected as lingands and four compounds were synthesized.The compounds was as followed:cesium hydrogen bis(benzotrazolate) dihydrate,cesium 5-phenyltetrazol-1-ide,rubidium 5-(4-pyridyl)tetrazolate and cesium 5-(4-pyridyl)tetrazolate.The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis,FT-IR spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy and XRD.The single crystal of cesium hydrogen bis(benzotrazolate) dihydrate were obtained.It was monoclinic with space group P2₁/c and a=1.5637(3) nm,b=0.60585(12) nm,c=1.6601(3) nm.The coordinate number of cesium cation was 10,the cesium cation connected theμ₃-O atom of the water to form the structure unite of[Cs₂O₂]. The 3D structure was formed by hydrogen bonds,bridging bonds between metal cations and N atoms,O atoms and intermolecular forces.In this dissertation,weak acidic organic ligands were selected to synthesize rubidium and cesium compounds and the compounds was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy and XRD,which enriched its properties,species and physicochemical data.