Nonylphenol On The Chinese Forest Frog Growth And Development Of Turn-generation Effect

Nonylphenol (NP) are a class of environmental endocrine disruptors, are widely used in household detergents, cosmetics, toys and other products of manufacture. NP for the fat-soluble substances, not easily degraded at normal temperature and can bio-accumulate. Experiments have been confirmed, NP on fish, amphibians and mammals like estrogen, affect the animal's reproductive, endocrine, immune and nerve system function. Therefore, the individual's survival and proliferation of populations poses a great threat. NP on adult amphibians after exposure effects on offspring growth and development results also inconsistent. In this study, to explore the NP chloride on Rana chensinensis F1 generation of growth and development of transfer on behalf of the effects of exposure to treatment with water, in the male and female into a frog hold on for about 60d, the females were exposed to 2.5×10-7,1.25×10-7,5×10-8 mol·L-1 NP and water, and set the control and ethanol control group, the male frog makes exposure treatment.60 d after the treatment, for male and female pair, lay eggs fertilized in each group after incubation groups.Growth in tadpoles hatching to 26 when exposed tadpoles original parent group was further divided into two treatment levels, the first one was reared without water pollutants, and the second is in the original parent body of water the concentration of NP exposure continued exposure, both control and ethanol treatment were located.70% of tadpoles in the development of long-term extension to the instep toe, front legs stretched out and complete metamorphosis of the time record of the development used the time period measured by the average tadpole body length and body weight. To dissect and take notice gonads of tadpoles after complete metamorphosis, statistic the proportion of male and female. Experimental results and conclusions are as follows:1.Maternal exposure in the NP treatment, the concentration of offspring of untreated group, offspring development time tadpoles,body length and weight, the proportion of male and female there was no significant difference.Shows the concentration of 5×10-8～2.5×10-7 mol·L-1 NP-wide water, NP does not interfere with the eggs of adult female frog development.2.But the offspring continue to NP exposure treatment tadpole tadpoles appeared in the developmental lag, body length and weight loss, increased the proportion of female phenomenon. But not female ratio increases with the increase in concentration of NP, the effect is not a linear relationship with dose.Description NP can affect tadpole growth and development of the endocrine activity. 3.It was detected by immunohistochemistry that the vitellogenin levels in liver cells of male offspring which NP exposure treatment. The results showed that maternal exposure only and offspring untreated group compared with the control group was not significant. The maternal and offspring were exposed to various concentrations handling vitellogenin immunoreactivity increased, the difference was significant. Its effect and the dose is not linear relationship.