Tongchuan City Settlement Ecological Restoration And Its Countermeasures Research

Into the 21st century, global changes, population growth, shortage of resources and environmental pollution have been recognized as worldwide "ecological crises", becoming the world's focuses. With the development of economy, the intensity and scale of mineral development is increasing, and has caused enormous stress and even destruction to the ecological environment, threatening the living conditions of people in urgent need of ecological rehabilitation research and practice.Based on a wide range of data collection and field investigation, we chose Wangyi District and Yintai Distrct as the research region, to carry out ecological rehabilitation of settlement and its countermeasures. With Yuhua Town as the typical area, based on the analysis of the ecological environment and its driving force, we explored the ecological rehabilitation strategies using town, neighborhood committees, and villages as research scales. This is designed to provide a new research idea, making ecological rehabilitation countermeasures to be more targeted and feasible, and this has important reference value and exemplary role for the mining-based cities in Loess Plateau. In the course of the study we have got some conclusions as follows:(1)There are landslides, collapses, surface collapses, soil erosion in Wangyi District and Yintai Distrct, and Yuhua Town is mainly dominated by severe landslides, frequent soil erosion, smoke pollution, cracks and collapses of houses caused by surface subsidence.(2)According to the distance from the landslide, the impact of the coal production, cracks and collapses of houses,22 neighborhood committees and villages in Yuhua Town are divided into three different types of settlement environment:①The less stable ecological zone, it includes Qianwei neighborhood committee, Qinglongshan neighborhood committee, Nanyangpo village, Shitoupo village, Nanyangpo neighborhood committee, Pingdong neighborhood committee, Shuihaizi village and Dong village.②The general ecological zone, it includes Getiaojian village, Yonghong neighborhood committee, Nangongfang neighborhood committee, Xunyiliang neighborhood committee, Xibeita neighborhood committee, Zijiancun neighborhood committee, Getiaojian neighborhood committee, Yaodong neighborhood committee, Liaojiamao neighborhood committee, Tutai neighborhood committee and Renzigou neighborhood committee.③The more stable ecological zone, it includes Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 of Yuhua village.(3)We find that natural factors such as topography, weather, new tectonic activity and earthquakes, rock and soil engineering geology and groundwater, and human factors such as excavating the slope to build houses, construction, excessively digging the slope, large-scale coal mining and small coal mines, influence the forming of the ecological environment of Yuhua Town.(4)This study is carried out in accordance with town level and neighborhood committee and village level. In the town level, we propose some measures such as monitoring from our government, support and participation of the public, preventing and controlling of geological disasters, using clean energy, saving rainwater and rational utilization of coal pits. In neiborhood committee and village level, we propose different countermeasures for different types of ecological environment. To the more stable ecological zone, we do not need to take some special measures, but should pay attention to the implementation of fencing for afforestation and eco-tourism. To the general ecological zone, we choose Getiaojian village and Getiaojian neighborhood committee as typical examples. For Getiaojian village, we take some countermeasures as follows:properly repair their houses and move in time, improve the traffic situation, treat domestic wastes together and construct ecological courtyard. For Getiaojian neighborhood committee, we should take some measures as follows:intensify propaganda education, improve environmental awareness of the public, set up garbage bins and clean regularly. To the less stable ecological zone, we choose Nanyangpo village and Qinglongshan neighborhood committee as typical examples. For Nanyangpo village, we take some measures such as preventing landslides by the public, draining properly, planting vegetation, and increasing vegetation coverage rate of the courtyard. For Qinglongshan neighborhood committee, we pay more attention to the protection of forest, setting up the green belt and rectification of roads and street shops...