.4 Zno ¡¤ B <sub> 2, </ Sub> O <sub> 3 </ Sub> ¡¤ H-<sub> 2 </ Sub> O Nanomaterials Preparation, Characterization And Flame Retardancy Research

In recent years, the application of flame retardants has drawn much attention with the increase of the number of fire and burning plastic secondary pollution problems caused by the emergence. With the increase of demanding of environmental protection, environmentally flame retardant are attended to many nations. Non-toxic, efficient, inorganic and smoke suppression of fire retardant are completelly complianced with the current trend of development of environment-friendly.Zinc borate is an efficient inorganic flame retardant, which has high thermal stability, fine particle, small density, easily dispersed, non-toxic and other significant features. However, larger particles of flame retardants can not be easily dispersed in the polymer, which result in limiting their application. Although some zinc borate nanostructures have been reported, there are no reports about the different morphologies of zinc borate influencing on flame retardant properties. Consequently, conducting zinc borate nanomaterials research has practical significance.In this paper, seven zinc borate 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nano-structure with different novel morphologies have been prepared by hydrothermal (solvent) thermal methods, which were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Details are as follows:(1) Two kinds of new 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanostructures with bunch-and chrysanthemum-morphologies have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions with Na2B4O7·10H2O, H3BO3 and ZnSO4·7H2O as raw materials.4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanostructures with plumy-like morphology has been synthesized in the exist of surfactant of polyethylene glycol-300 (PEG-300). The results of contrast experiments show that the morphology of the product is influenced by the reaction time, reaction temperature and different solvent.4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanoribbon has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The results of contrast experiments show that the morphology of the product is influenced by the reaction time and different quantity of solvent. Star-like Zinc borate 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanostructure has been synthesized with Zn(Ac)2·2H2O and H3BO3 as raw materials in the exist of surfactant of PEG-4000. Spherical-like 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanostructure has been synthesized by changing the amount of Na2B4O7·10H2O, H3BO3 and ZnSO4·7H2O materials and the concentration of solution. Rodlike 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O has been synthesized by changing the amount of Na2B4O7·10H2O, H3BO3 and ZnSO4·7H2O materials with the existing of surfactant of PEG-1000. (2) Furthermore, the flame retardant properties of the synthesized 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanostructures were investigated by the thermal analysis method and a vertical combustion test (Flame combustion of paper and board).The experiments show the morphology and size of sample have been influenced by the different proportions of raw materials, reaction temperature, time, concentration, solvent and other factors. Zinc borates 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O with different size and morphology have different effects on the flame retardant properties. The smaller the size of sample, the better the flame-retardant property of the sample. The flame retardant tests showed that the prepared 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O nanomaterials had the better behavior than the non-nanostructure sample.