| In 1880, when Albert A. Michelson invented the interferometer named after himself, he has realized that some spectrometer could be induced from the interference fringe. After that, P. Fellgett made use of the interference figure to measure and explore spectrum by Fourier transform for the first time in 1949. In 1965, J. W. Cooley and J.W. Tukey present the Fast Fourier transform(FFT) and impose the algorithm on interferometer spectrometer first By this, calculation cost several hours before could be completed within several seconds or even hi one second These bring the interferometer spectrometer into possibility. We call it Fourier-transform spectrometer.The common Fourier-transform spectrometer based on Michelson interferometer has already benefited enough on some fields, for example, environmental pollution detection, food substance, biomedicine and astronomy. Contrast with traditional prism-spectrometer, Fourier-transform spectrometer has many spectral advantages. The first is high optical flux (Jacquinot advantage), the second is multichannel advantage (Fellgett advantage). Besides, it has high resolution, high speed and wide range. But this kind of spectrometer has a disadvantage. That is the interferometer requires a scanning mechanism to be of an exceptionally high quality and well isolated from external perturbation. So the Temporarily modulated imaging interferometer (TMIT) has some limits hi aviation and field operation.hi order to overcome the difficulty TMII has with the scanning mechanism, Spatially modulated imaging interferometer has been invented hi 1980's. This spectrometer' interferograms are produced hi the spatial rather than the temporal domain. It is nigged against vibration and is capable of the instantaneous measurement of spectra. So people now pay more attention to it Figure 2-2 is a kind of Interference imaging spectrometer based on double-comer reflector beam-splitter. Polarization interference spectrometer is another kind of SMII appeared in the early 1990's. It is what we will discuss hi this thesis.The operating principle of Polarization interference spectrometer is making use of some polarizer to split the object into two virtual sources. And then, through Fourier transform, one-dimension spectrum can be obtained by interferogram gained on the detector. This spectrometer issmall and light, and high-quality mirror-scanning mechanisms are not required any more and it is not sensitive to mechanical disturbances and air currents. Because the spectrometer removes splitter and reflector, energy cost by absorption and reflection before are now regained. Polarizers solve the problem of different polarization absorption universally existed in space remote sensing. It is easy to compress for all optical elements on one axis. On the whole. Polarization interference spectrometer has a good prospect and people in many countries are working on it.This thesis is about Polarization interference spectrometer. It mainly do the research on its key part桺olarization interferometer. Several primary performance parameters are analyzed and an experimental system of polarization interferometer is established. In view of the request on resolution and field range, an optimum design is presented at the last part of the thesis and we prove the superiority and feasibility theoretically. This is the most important part in the thesis. It shows a good way to impel polarization interference spectrometer to higher resolution and wilder field range.Concretely, the thesis could be divided into four parts. The first chapter summarized the background and the benefits to people of the Polarization interference spectrometer. The second chapter introduced two kinds of structure of interference spectrometer, one is mirror-scanning fourier transform spectrometer, the other is static fourier transform spectrometer. Their structure and operating principle are described by using figure. Polarization interference spectrometer is the subject we investigated and its structure and superiority is debate in the c... |
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