Super Ion Capacitors Carbon / Nickel Oxide Composite Airgel Electrode Material

The supercapacitor is a new type of electrochemical energy storage devices between rechargeable batteries and traditional electrostatic capacitors, and it has high power density, high charge /discharge efficiency and long cycle life. The specific capacitance of speudo-capacitor is about 10-100times of the double-layer capacitor. The compound carbon aerogel is elected as electrode materials of the pseudo-capacitor in this thesis. The study concentrates the preparation,properties of electrode material and its influencing effects. The main results are as follows:1.ynthesize the carbon/nickel oxide compound aerogel by sol-gel. It becomes aerogel electrode through heating, aging, followed by supercritical drying from carbon dioxide and subsequent pyrolysis in an inert nitrogen atmosphere. The effect of annealing temperature, concentration, doped cobalt and the content of catalyzer on the capacities properties of pseudo-capacitor is studied. The results show that the specific capacitance enhances by supercritical drying and it is about 262F/g in 1mol/L aqueous KOH.2.A composite electrode material comprising carbon aerogel and nickel oxide is obtained by coated nickel oxide on carbon aerogel and heat-treatment in air. The structure and electrode performance are studied. The result show: when the mass present of NiO is less than 30%, the ESR (equivalent series resistance) is very low, and the specific capacitance is about 235F/g.3.Fabricating the nano nickel oxide electrode by nano particle sintering method has been preliminary try also.