| When constructing a highway tunnel with the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), monitoring is essential to ensure safety, to optimize design and to gain the fundamental data for structure analysis. However, the available instruments and technology of data applications can't meet the need of construction of underground engineering. This paper discusses the development of an instant displacement monitoring system and its data application technology, which is the most important part of construction monitoring.Firstly, roles of displacement monitoring in tunneling are discussed of and an expectant system is put forward with reasonable frame and capacities based on theory of modern Measure System. According to those, the instant displacement monitoring system is developed with laser technology, SCM technology, software technology and communication technology. This system can be remotely controlled to gain data of displacement precisely, automatically and instantly. Application software for the system is characterized by its friendly interface and convenient operation. With the capabilities of instant monitoring, data management and applications, it can instantly gain and store data, browse and query data, put forward data report. Furthermore, a tool for forecast with Grey-Model makes the system more favorable.In addition, to accelerate the application of monitoring data, a study is accomplished on short-term and ultimate displacement forecasts in tunnel construction, which are based on Grey-Model theory. This study indicates: GM(1,1) and its optimized model are more general models in displacement forecast, while Verhulst-Model can gain a higher precision in middle and last part of construction, can forecast the ultimate displacement also. With the instant displacement monitoring system and Grey-Model theory, the development of displacement of tunnel can be forecasted quickly and precisely, without any data inserted artificially. |
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