| In recent years, trade of wild endangered species has reached an unimaginable extent, especially some wild rare animals have great economic values and important medicinal value. Many endangered wildlifes, such as gecko gecko, pangolin and Monitor, have been listed in CITES and IUCN, which are primarily due to the destruction of their habitats and over exploitation. Therefore, it has great significance in using molecular biology techniques to study conservation genetics, and know their germplasm resources situation, population genetic structure and so on for various endangred species.Microsatellite DNAs have been proved to one reliable genetic markers with better application value. It has been increasingly applied to study of conservation genetics for endangered animals recently. The polymorphism of microsatellite DNA is so high that it can provide excellent resolution not only at the individual level, but also in genetic structure research at the population level. The DNA template needed for microsatellite analysis is very low and has no special demands, so that small samples obtained with noninvasive method or from old specimen can be analyzed effectively. Therefore, the approach makes investigation of endangered animals surviving in the wild more convenient and exact. Furthermore, some microsatellite fragments sizes can be discriminated among related species, which makes it possible to identify species more conveniently with only fragment analysis.In this study, twelve polymorphic microsatellites were isolated from the Gekko gecko with a partial genomic library enriched for tandem repeat sequences of (CA)12. Polymorphism was investigated for these markers in 22 individuals collected from Guangzhou Forest Police Bureau. The results showed the allele number ranged from 5 to 9 per locus, with the average of 7.4. The observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.5000 to 0.6364 with an average of 0.5530 and 0.7812 to 0.9070 with an average of 0.8541 respectively. Exact tests for HWE revealed that 1 of 12 loci significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. These microsatellite loci developed here will be useful in population genetics and ecology in gecko. The above research makes it possible for further genetic analysis and protection of gecko.In conservation genetics, to prevent the genetic depression of Chinese alligator and keep its existing genetic diversity, it is necessary to carry out individual identification and screening for rare alleles and their holders. And in the criminal cases of poaching and smuggling pangolins (Manis spp.), the number of individuals involved is critical gist for determining the penalty. Morphological methodologies do not often work because the small cut parts of pangolin do not possess the holistic distinctive characteristics of the individual. Microsatellite DNAs have been proved a reliable marker for the individualization of animals.The DNA was amplified by PCR with 6 polymophic microsatellite as the primer were selected from 34 published microsatellite loci. The results showed that all the 6 microsatellite loci had genetic polymorphisms in pangolins and the polymorphism information content (PIC) in loci MJA03 was the highest (0.918), while that in the MJA13 was the lowest (0.852). Power of discrimination (DP) value of the 6 STR loci ranged from 0.826 to 0.956. The Cumulate DP (CDP) was 99.9999%. Thus, labeling all the individuals with SSR loci will play an important role in individual identification and population genetics for pangolins. |
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