| AIDS has caused huge threat to humanity's health. Its epidemic situation was still in the trend of escalation in our country, and is speading from high-risk population to general polulation. The young people are the vulnerable people of AIDS infections, also the key crowds which should be prevented. In China, the proportion of young people was above 1/3. And most of them lived in remote rural areas, usually their educational level is low, so they did't know how to protect themselves from being infected by HIV. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the young people about AIDS knowledge of prevention. United Nations Children's Fund's data display, in the global scale, among the HIV infected person who happens newly, 50% of them were under 24 years old people. Out-of-school youth left school early. The growth of natural physiology was rapid than the growth of psychological, and at the same time, they lived in complex social environment with enticements, such as life style changing, pornography and drugs.Taking a panoramic view of the researches about AIDS prevention in young people, most of them focus on students in school. The study about preventing AIDS among out-of-school youths was very limited, mainly because the out-of-school youths were difficult to being organized. So the activity and study of preventing AIDS among out-of-school youths was more essential. The purpose of this study is to learn the quality of life, improve the level of AIDS-related knowledge of out-of-school youths, so as to make them improve the rate of use condoms in their sex and form correct attitude to HIV/AIDS. At last, this study can prevent the spread of AIDS from the high-risk population to the general population, to provide a theoretical basis and new ideas of preventing AIDS.MethodsDuring March to April in 2008, the random chulste sampling was carried out, 372 out-of-school youths were chosen. Multiple-interventions, including health education of AIDS, sending condoms and handbook of AIDS knowledge, face-to-face consulting services were carried out. Then awareness rate of AIDS knowledge, function and usage of condom were evaluated before and after Multiple- interventions. SPSS 16.0was used for statistical analysis, x~2 -test, factor analysis and spearman rank correlationanalysis were used in the statistical analysis. The significant level was 0.05.Results1. The general characteristics of out-of-school youths372 participants were invited to this study. 148 of them were male, 224 of them werefemale. The minimum age was 15.2, the maximum age was 23.9, the average age was19.8. The educational level of out-of-school youths was lower. Middle school andbelow accounted for 90.6%. 69.9 % of them earned 200-1000 yuan per month. 28.8%of out-of-school youths had the history of smoking. 23.1% of out-of-school youthshad the history of drinking.2. Quality of life in out-of school youths2.1 Reliability and validity analysis of Nottingham Health profile(1) ReliabilitySplit-half reliability coefficient was 0.73, the scale had a good split-half reliability; Cronbach's Alpha of the profile was 0.775.(2) ValidityIn set validity and discriminate validity of the experiment, sleep, social isolation, and emotional response had higher success rates which were 80.0%, 60.0% and 66.7%, and the dimensions of the success of the discriminate validity was 100%, which indicated that the whole profile had good content validity.(3) Reliability Most of the entries of profile can be properly understood by the investigators. It spent about 10 minutes to complet the whole questionnaire. The response rate of each items was more than 95%, which shows a stronger relevance and reliability.2.2 Quality of life and influencing factors(1) The median score of emotional reaction dimension is 7.22. The median scores in the other 5 dimentions, including physical abilities, energy level, pain, sleep and social isolation were all 0.(2) The NHP score of the drinking people was significantly higher than those who didn't drink, Z=-2. 131, P<0. 01. The people with lower educational level gothigher score in pain dimention, x~2 =8.229, P<0.01. The people who worked for longer time every week got higher score in sleep dimention than the others, x~2 =8.972, P<0.01.3. Evaluation of AIDS prevention effect3.1 Knowledge of AIDS of out of school youths before and after intervention The awareness rate of knowledge was 39.2% before intervention and 98.9% afterintervention, the difference was significant, x~2 =222.0( P <0.01).3.2 The attitude of out of school youths to AIDSBefore intervention, 55.0% participants thought the identity of AIDS patients should be opened; 18.0% showed they would refuse to keep contact with AIDS patients, 41.9% would eat with AIDS patients together; After intervention, 61.8% participants thought the identity of AIDS patients should be open, the rate of participants would refuse to keep contact with AIDS patients decreased to 8.3%, the rate of participants would eat with AIDS patients together increased to 83.1 %.3.3 Condom use in sex contact(1) The opinion about the function and usage of condom: Before intervention, 85.5% of the participants knew that condoms could prevent sexually transmitted diseases, while after intervention, this rate enhanced to 97.6%. And the rate of choosing "read time of validity of condom, discharge bubbles beside the condom, distinguish the face or inverse of condom, or don't use the same condom repeatedly" were 61.2%, 47.4%,73.3% and 95.7% individually, and after the intervention, the corresponding rateenhanced to 98.3%, 96.6%, 93.1% and 91.4%.(2) 141 participants had premarital sex, the percentage of incidence of premarital sexwas 37.9%. After intervention, 77.4% of participants are willing to use condom eachsexual intercourse.Conclusion(1) The quality of life of out of school youths in zhengzhou shows well state.(2) Knowledge of AIDS of out of school youths in zhengzhou has increased remarkably.(3) The coverage of AIDS knowledge was expanded, 996 temporary workers in entertainment and service industries were benefited in the intervention.(4) Through promotion of function of condoms and condom usage, the rate of condom using intention of out of school youths improved markedly.(5) AIDS intervention models for out of school youths in zhengzhou have beexplored. |
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