Large Foreign Retail Groups In China's Space Expansion Situation And China's Countermeasures

Since our country retail trade market opened to the outside world, the foreign capital retail sales group has started to enter our country market gradually, which has enriched our country's modern commercial industry condition form. Especially after China's accession to WTO, our country has gradually eliminated restraints of foreign capital retail trade in the region, quantity, the stockholder's rights aspects, foreign retail groups in China has accelerated the pace of expansion space. Wal-mart, Carrefour, and other major international large retail groups are seizing the China market and rapidly launched the "Enclosure Movement." Up to December 31, the world's largest retailer, Wal-Mart ranks first in the number of stores in China has reached 100, with the merger Haoyouduo 102 total 202 proliferating China's 21 provinces approximating 40 cities. The French Carrefour's shop quantity has also achieved 109 and proliferates 20 provinces of our country.This article mainly carries on the analysis from the perspectives of time and space on the foreign capital retail sales group's spatial expansion. In our country different time stages, the scale of space and speed is not the same which the foreign capital retail merchants expand .Before our opening up to foreign investment, the foreign capital retail trade's management scale is small and the expansion speed is slow; while after the elimination of restraints to the foreign investor in area, share and quantity, the foreign capital retail sales group in our country rapidly boom and increase our country's market share rapidly. The analysis to the foreign capital large-scale retail sales group in our country's spatial distribution and the spatial expansion process indicate that the current large-scale foreign retail groups are still heavily concentrated in the eastern coastal regions, particularly the Bohai area, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta.However, with China's sustained and rapid economic growth, the improvtion of the per capita income of residents ,the reduction of the Engel coefficient, the change of the concept of people's consumption and consumption ,moreover, and gradually the eastern retail market saturation, foreign retailers expand the market gradually to the central region and the western and start to expand from the original nationwide big city in the urban to the regional central cities and small cities in the middle and eastern areas in the terms of city's scale. There are three kind of spatial expansion pattern in the process which the foreign capital retail sales group carries on the space expansion in our country, respectively infiltration of expansion, leaping expansion, composite expansion. The empirical analysis to the different foreign capital retail sales group describe the characteristics of various expansion mode and inadequate.Foreign capital retail sales group's entry on a large scale, to a certain extent, play a the positive role in China's retail market, promote our country's retail trade revolution, prosperous our country the economy and solve the massive surplus-labor employment.There are also certain negative influence. Because the foreign capital retail sales group has the big competitive power in aspects of management idea, management scale, managerial technique level, management pattern and so on, they have extruded our country native place retail trade's development and occupied our country native place retail business's market space. In the front of rapid expansion of foreign retail giants and strong competitive, our country native retail business are facing tremendous pressure and challenges. National retail enterprises improve their competitiveness in market and the progressive development of international strategy, meanwhile local small and medium-sized retailers should explore the development of chain operation mode, and promote rural economic development.A lot of Retailing operations and management is not perfect, the development of industry condition is not mature, the introduction time, the growth period and the mature period stage's time interval is quite short which has aggravated the Format competition among industry conditions, the commercial spatial structure presents the disordering and the competition intensifies, the urban interior sold the field to huddle together greatly the phenomenon, the large-scale commercial facilities gather excessively in the urban center.