Qing Dynasty The Shandong Storage Explore

Ancient China was an agricultural society.The grain issue greatly influenced national economy and people's livelihood.In order to consolidate power and maintain social security,all dynastic rulers paied attention not only to agricultural production but also to grain reserves. Passing over a long period of development,the ancient China's warehousing came to be a mature warehousing system in Qing Dynasty.There were various warehousing forms with different names,different natures and different functions.Except for the metropolitan granaries which belonged to feudal official,there were also ever normal granary,charitable granary and public granary which were tightly related to society,with lasting the longest time and influencing the most greatly.In the prophase of Qing Dynasty,both officials and civilians in Shandong province stressed the construction of warehouses.Therefore,with the purpose of storing grain to cope with famine, many ever normal granaries,charitable granaries and public granaries widely came into being in Shandong.This paper takes Shandong warehousing in Qing Dynasty as the research object,and examines the installment of warehouses in every prefecture,every subprefecture and every county. The paper has mainly researched the construction of ever normal granary,charitable granary and public granary,as well as the sources of grains and the management of these granaries. Meanwhile,the writer has talked about the functions of warehousing,not neglecting its disadvantages.One of the purpose of this paper is to give some implications to the modern food security through the research of Shandong warehousing in Qing Dynasty.The introduction of the paper has mainly discussed the general situation of ancient China's warehousing during those nearest twenty years.It has also presented the purpose and value of this paper.The main body contains four parts:Part one has concerned to the development of ancient China's warehousing.The writer has concretely introduced the general situation of the warehousing' development in every period, showing the developing process of ancient China's warehousing.Part two has introduced the installment of warehouses in every prefecture,every subprefecture and every county in Shandong province in Qing Dynasty.The writer has firstly introduced the administrative division in Shandong province in Qing Dynasty,then demonstrateds the installment of warehouses in every district with graphs.Part three has talked about the ever normal granary,charitable granary and public granary in Shandong in Qing Dynasty.This is the most important part.The author has mainly investigated these three kinds of warehouse's construction,the sources of grains and the management of these warehouses.Part four has explored the function and disadvantage of warehousing,as well as the modern food security.The warehouses in Shandong in Qing Dynasty played great role,yet there are certain disadvantages.And,it gives some suggestion to the modern food security.The conclusion part has simply reviewed the development of warehousing in Shandong province in Qing Dynasty,and has also points out the importance to focus attention on food security and to strengthen the grain reserves.