Three Delivery Methods Of Analgesia On Maternal And Neonatal Effects

Objective Our purpose was to study the pain relief effectiveness of thepatient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) , inhalation of nitrous oxide anddrug analgesia , and to measure influences on the mothers and infants. Methods The 120 cases of pregnant women were divided into 4 groups:PCEA group, nitrous oxide group, drug analgesia group and control group. Thepregnant women of the PCEA group were been injected fentanyl andropivacaine in the epidural space. The nitrous oxide group was the pregnantwomen that were inhaled nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen (50%:50%). Thepregnant women of drug analgesia group were been injected diazepam duringlatent phase and pethidine during active phase. The analgesic was not used in thecontrol group. The degree of pain, duration of the labor, way of delivery,bleeding volume, rate of anoxia of newborn, blood gas analysis to maternalradius artery and fetal umbilical blood among 4 groups were observed. Results The effect for analgesia labor of the PCEA group was muchbetter than that of the nitrous oxide group and the drug analgesia group (χ~2=119.888,P=0.000). There was not difference among 4 groups in the latentphase, the active phase, the second stage of labor, and the total stage of labor (P〉0.10). The bleeding volume of 4 group were alike to each other (P〉0.10). Theway of delivery was not significant difference among 4 groups(χ~2 =2.410,P=0.878). The blood analysis to maternal radius artery, fetal umbilical blood andthe rate of anoxia of newborn of 4 groups revealed no significant difference. Conclusions The effectiveness of the patient controlled epiduralanalgesia (PCEA) for labor analgesia is confirmed and has rarely side-effect,and it can be the first choice. The inhalation of nitrous oxide and the druganalgesia can safely provide effective labor analgesia, too.