Three Gorges Reservoir Area Jialing River In Chongqing Section Of Cholera Trends And Prevention

PARTâ… PREVALENCE OF CHOLERA IN TARGET AREA AND CHONGQINGObjective: To investigate the trend of epidemic situation of Cholera in target area since 1997 through the longitudinal analysis of incidences of Cholera in target area from 1982 to 2005, and through the horizontal comparison with the disease incidences in Chongqing.Methods: The data of cholera epidemic and occurrence in target area and Chongqing were input into the EXCEL for analysis and comparison.Results: The frequency of occurrence of Cholera in target area was higher after 1997 than that before 1997, and 31 cases of Cholera increased after 1997 when compared with that before 1997, and the epidemic types were switched from Serotype Inaba and Ogawa to O139. The annual epidemic situation of Cholera had a big fluctuation with relatively more incidences in 1982, but the incidence still showed an ascending trend year by year. The incidences of Cholera in target area was significantly higher than that in Chongqing, showing a significantly positive correlation with a coefficient correlation of 0.840 (P=0.005).Conclusions:The incidences of Cholera in target area still showed an ascending trend year by year, and was significantly higher than that in Chongqing. Part II STUDY ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF INCIDENCE OF CHOLERAObjective: To investigate the influencing factors of incidence of Cholera in Beibei District through the aggregate analysis of infection sources, route of transmission, surveillance of susceptible population, natural factors and social factors.Methods: A retrospective study of Cholera cases occurred in Beibei from 2001 to 2005 was performed in order to assess the influencing factors. The water was collected periodically at fixed-point of Jialing River for culture of Vibrio cholerae and for water quality analysis. The drinking water, fishery products and intestinal discharge were periodically, randomly collected for culture of Vibrio cholerae. For the patients with diarrhea disease, the slide agglutination test was conducted by the multivalence diagnostic serum and the Cholera O139 diagnostic serum to separate and identify the Vibrio cholera strain. All data were input into EXCEL files for analysis.Results: The patients and carriers of Cholera had an ascending trend in Beibei District from 2001 to 2005, and the epidemic types were switched from Serotype Inaba to O139. Two death cases were reported during the epidemic period of Cholera from 2002 to 2005. Majority of patients presented only mild clinical symptoms, had few typical clinical manifestations, but had high cholera carrier rate. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that V. cholerae O139 were sensitive to Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Amikacin, but high degree of resistant to Ampicillin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin and TMP-SMZ. No Vibrio cholerae were cultured from samples of water resources, fishery product and intestinal discharge of susceptible population. For the meteorological factors, the amount of precipitation and mean temperature had a positive relationship with the incidence of Cholera in this area. The social factors caused the Cholera may include the increase of nomadic population, the contamination of marine products and fishery products, and the lack of consciousness of clinician to the diagnosis and prevention. The major influencing factors were the unhealthy customs and habits of populations.Conclusions:The major influencing factors were the unhealthy customs and habits of populations. PARTâ…¢QUESTIONNAIRE INVESTIGATION FOR KNOWLEDGE OF CHOLERA AMONG RESIDENTObjective: To investigate the health habits and knowledge of resident on Cholera through questionnaire in order to provide the scientific basis for performance of healthy education.Methods: Following a cluster random sampling principle, a questionnaire investigation was conducted in the countryside and city. The scores of respondents for knowledge of Cholera were subject to logistic regression analysis.Results: The major influencing factors in turn were the age, sex, occupation, education, city and countryside. The age, sex and occupation distributions were first three maximal factors. The aged people, women and farmers were the target populations that mostly need to be improved the knowledge about prevention and care of Cholera.Conclusions:The aged people, women and farmers were the target populations that mostly need to be improved the knowledge about prevention and care of Cholera.