The Bionic Modified Gold Rod Is Used To Study Endocytosis In Cancer Cells Selectively

The recent marriage of nanomaterials and medicine has yielded an expending horizon for scientists to achieve momentous advances in the fight against human diseases such as cancers.Among them,A novel technology named near-infrared(NIR) photothermal therapy has recently attracted much attention due to it ability to penetrate deep tissue with high spatial precision.As an ideal bionanomaterial,apart from its own unique properties,it should be biostable,biocompatible and has other functions like targeting ability when interacting with cells.The surface biomimetic modification is right the potentially available way to endow the bionanomaterials with the above functions.To begin with,we successfully modified GNRs with phosphorylcholine which is a natural part of the cell outer membranes,and found this modification brought fine biostability and biocompatibility for GNRs.In this paper, we continued to study the interactions between GNRs@PC and cells.Compared with PEG,the PC surface modification was demonstrated to induce GNRs to be internalized by three totally different cancer cells more efficiently.More interestingly, this modification also induced the GNRs to be selectively internalized by cancer cells compared with normal ones.Further studies reflected that the targeting ability of PC was comparable with other active targeting molecules like folid acid or galactose. Based on the above results,we believe that the PC molecule fits to a novel active targeting one which is a versatile ligand for efficient and selective cancer cells uptake.Herein,we further studied selective uptake mechanism of GNRs@PC from the angle of materials science.After comparing the cells uptake abilities of five types of PC modified gold nanospheres(GNPs@PC) with different sizes and five types of GNRs@PC with different sizes and aspect ratios,we found that the influence of PC towards cell uptake largely surpassed the size and shape effects of GNRs themselves by the methods of UV-Vis,ICP-MS and TEM.By controlling the amount of PC when interacting with cells both in the cell cultivation media and on the surfaces of nanoparticles,it showed that the PC induced GNRs cell uptake fit to a target-acceptor procedure.Based on the conculsions above,the relationship between GNRs uptake amount by cells and the NIR diagnostic effect was investigated which reflected the positive relationship.The more GNRs cells internalized,the faster the cells died.Then the thought of cell-in NIR photothermal therapy was proposed which was adopted in the model study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma NIR photothermal therapy.Comparing the NIR photothermal results of the four main types of cells inside the part of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,it showed that GNRs@PC had good cancer cells selective ablation ability and it was found that the best light power existed for the most efficient NIR therapeutic effect.The results of this paper may give support to the further studies on the in vivo GNRs@PC induced NIR cancer therapy and the PC uptake mechanism of selectivity.