"once Shocked To Find That The Unbridled Pursuit

At the beginning of 20th century, the Chinese intellectual focused their thoughts on the folk. So the folk became the focus of the country and they were looked as the most important power of establishing a modern country. The folk arts and folk customs acted as the important roles in "new literature"and "new academia".This dissertation is principal about the folklore studies in "Republic of China" in order to display the folk in literature study and in academia.This thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter one is about the folk study in "new academia". From "Folklore Movement", the intellectuals pay close attention to the folklore by which a new nation is designed in academic papers. And through folklore study, the academia finds new research realms and new documents, so the academia at that time can extricate from the difficult position and go to a new, road. Chapter two is about the folklore in "new literature". In "New literature movement ", new poem studied from folklore and so the literature histories was written to demonstrate that from the ancient literature to today all the literature get new sources from folk and the vernacular literature tradition is the main tradition of Chinese literature. Chapter three is about why folklore study wasn't successful and analyses the intellectuals looked folklore contradictorily.