On The Thought Of Early National Defense

There were a lot of treatises studying early thoughts of reformists in the past, but mostly concentrated on the study on their political,economic thought.The study on national defense thought is seldom involved. Even involved occasionally, the research was done on the individual among them,lacking the discussion of their whole national defense thought either, and concentrated the study on thought of the coast defense. This thesis tries to break it through on this respect, strives to study the national defense thought evolution of the group of the early reformists, in order to probe into each stage their national defense advance and limitation of thought, offer lessons from history for today's national defense construction.This thesis is divided into three parts. Part one Introduces early reformists' national defense thought during!860 - 1873 years. They inheritted and developed thoughts that "studying foreign advanced technology to defense western invasion", such as Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan.They maintained that people should study the advanced military technology in the west. On the thought of the coast defense, they made the great breakthrough. Xue Fucheng proposed coast defense strategic thought of "deploying troops on garrison duty and guarding and taking the seaports to concentrate on".Wang Tao put forward the strategy and policy " by fighting and stopping fighting ". Because the national defense thought just produced in this period, the limitation unavoidably existed, For example, it is a blank to do research on the argumentation of the frontier thought. Part two introduced early reformists' national defense thought during 1874 ?884 years. The period their national defense thought made the significant development. On the basis of the sober understanding of the enemy to the frontier, they required that the Qing Government should strengthen the defense of the Northeast. On coast defense thought, Xue FuCheng proposed coast defense strategic thought of " turn door into the innermost recess of a hall ".He established the flexible idea that the navy fighted. In this period, they stepped to western paces of study getting heavy,from simple to study advanced military technology in the West to learn the advanced navy soldier system. The limitation lied in lacking of understanding western naval vessel knowledge, so they could not make the fleet work out perfectly. Part three introduced early reformists' national defense thought during!885 - 1894 years. In this period, through to the discussion of the international question, They reminded the Qing Government to pay attention to the invasion of countries,such as Russia Japan ,Great Britain and France. They proposed strengthening the defense of the Northeast,Tibet, Yun Nan. They proposed " combining defense and attack,setting up the ocean fleet, hitting the enemy to the ocean ".This indicates that their coast defense thought reached certain height. Because received traditional constraint of military thinking,Their national defense thought existed some thought out of date.For example,"T he soldier unifies agriculturally ".There are the following several points in the place of innovation of this thesis: 1, Through the study of early national defense thought evolution of reformists' colony, We probe into the advance and limitation of their national defense thought. 2, The study on frontier thoughts of reformists in early days has filled the blank that this respect historiography is studied. 3, it is not done research for forefathers to analyse early national defense thought of reformists in terms of national defense strategy.