.20 Theory Of Century Western Dialogue

Looking from the western philosophy and aesthetics, we saw that communication and dialogue were paid close attention to. They were the request of present age and had their own logical development regularity. Based on this, we would now talk something about the dialogue theories in the 20th century.The concept of dialogue appeared long long ago and had the character of historic inheritress. From ancient Greece, ancient Rome to the German and classic esthetics period, and from Socrates, Plato to Hegel, Feuerbach, the viewpoints or theories have some relation of the dialogue. This period may be seen as the budding phase of dialogue concept.In the 20th century, the theory of dialogue was developed obviously. Bakhtin's theory of dialogic poetry began from his linguistic philosophy. Through studying Dostoevshy's novels, Bakhtin explained the theory of polyphonic novels. And then he built the theory of carnivalization. The theory of philosophical hermeneutics of Gadamer emphasized the characters of language and history of comprehension. His theory attached great importance to dialogue with history, using open dialogic structure. And comprehension of text was another dialogue. On the base of Habermas's theory of communicative action, which was based on the theory of universal pragmatics, Habermas thought it was one of ways to realize action rationalization to choose proper languages to dialogue. Also he stressed the intersubjectivity in dialogue. And Habermas thought literature or art was a medium of communication and dialogue.In a word, in the background of the western philosophy's linguistic turning in the 20th century, that three persons' dialogue theories were firstly based on their individual linguistics theories or viewpoints. The second, in their theories, they all put man's subjectivity to an important position. And the thinking mode was from stressing subject-object relationship to stressing the one between subjects themselves. The third, there was more or less character of Utopia in their theories. Last, the theories' humanism, and the calling for dialogue and spurning monologue incarnated the request of time.