| Hegel says that, the method is not the frame dissociating outside the thought content, it is thought content itself."On the one hand, method and content not separable; on the other hand, it itself stipulates its own rhythm."Content requires relative method, and method produces due content. The scientific content needs completely, and comprehensively assuring by one method and pattern; in this significance, the method appears especially importantly.There are multitudinous schools in 20th century's western literature critique, which argued mutually each kind of new or unsolved problem with different methods analyzing and studying questions and analyzed various characteristics of literary arts in detail. As a result of the angle as well as the method difference, we have formed multi-dimensional and three-dimensional understanding. Among this, Russian formalism's rise may be regarded as an extremely important performance in artistic research's modern transformation. But the"Defamiliarization"theory initiated by it, has developed the new boundary in literature and art criticization after that with its brand-new explanation in literary arts."Defamiliarization", called"Counter-normalization","Wonderful specialization"as well, is first proposes by Russian formalist Shklovsky and further explained and enriched by Brecht,Marcus,etc, which develops it into a kind of breakthrough point and the angle of view of understanding art creation rule.Familiarity-strange-familiarity, this is the denial-of-the-denial dialectical process in knowing things. Hegel says that, the familiar things are often not what people know. Therefore, in order to know things, people should draw support from one kind of new angle of view to cause the familiar things defamiliarized and by knowing again through defamiliarization, discover the new understanding spot from the original familiar things, thus one can know it more profoundly.The artistic developing process is a process of abandoning the unceasing unconsciousness of feeling, and extending the surprised feeling. The transformation from the classical shape to the modern shape in western art, in the final analysis is the process of transforming standard, custom and automation into defamiliarization, as well as a process during which the new and old forms change unceasingly. In this significance, the Defamiliarization is developed into one kind of artistic diagnostic methodThe defamiliarization is not the mechanical irrevocable category, but an unceasingly constructed concept which changes according to the concrete context. It has provided a contradictory dynamic process about the esthetic psychological experience from automation to defamiliarization, which has formed the description logic in artistic experience. This angle of view in western esthetics has the huge difference from Chinese tradition literature critique. It can be said that the Chinese art text criticism introduced into the Defamiliarization concept is a typical modernity phenomenon. Compared with the western classical art theory, the Chinese art theory relatively emphasizes the succession, artist's skill and the work flavor, which esthetic creation attention spot is the so-called natural esthetic mood and expression, not sedulously the originality or the defamiliarization. After the 20th century, in the cross-cultural context, Chinese new art since May 4th requires the Defamiliarization esthetics pursue in creation day by day, which indicates the modernity in the Chinese present art.The article altogether divides into three parts: by brushing up the development and changes of Defamiliarization in western literature critique, the first chapter mainly develops it into a kind of theory with methodology significance; by narrating the transformation of western art from classic to modern, the second chapter obtains a clearer understanding in Defamiliarization from the concrete artistic history; on the basis of the former two chapters, the third chapter comes to the counter-view on China art phenomenon with this theory.Unscrambling the Chinese art text from the western angle of Defamiliarization theory may be said as an attempt in explaining the Chinese art diversification, which is also a topic which I have been thinking about for a long time. |
