Moral Cognition And Deviate From The Theory,

Different from the gradual process of modernization in the west, the social modernization in China is progressing in a leap-forward way. For over a hundred years, the society of China has been developing quite wavily. The economic system, the social organization and the cultural types have all experienced a process of deconstruction– construction. Correspondingly, the system of social morality will also inevitably go though the same hard process. Therefore the discrepancy between moral knowledge and moral practice that commonly exists in the present society should not be simply considered as the product of the unbalance of the social interest structure, but be studied comprehensively in a broader background.The thesis is composed of three parts:The first part gives a brief overview about the traditional theory of the unity of moral knowledge and moral practice in China and the one in the west, the explanation of the connotation of the discrepancy between moral knowledge and practice, and the classification of this kind of phenomena.The second part analyzes the causes of the discrepancy between moral knowledge and practice. The general occurrence of the discrepancy results from many superposed factors. It is related to the theoretical factors such as the embarrassment of the rational planning of morality and the differentiation of standards and the rue value; the social factors such as the deconstruction of the traditional moral community, the prevalence of the instrumental rationalism, the omission and powerlessness of the social system, the elitism and intellectualization in moral education; as well as the individual factors such as the experiencing feature and the difficulty in measurement of the individual moral cognition, choice-making according to the individual circumstance and experience in moral practice.The third part presents the countermeasure for dealing with the situation so as to get out of the serious straits caused by the discrepancy between moral knowledge and practice, and to achieve the unity of them. The first step is to establish and perfect a just social system and a mechanism for just rewards and punishment in order to secure the unity of moral knowledge and practice. The second is to construct a moral education system which promotes the development of the moral knowledge and moral practice simultaneously by establishing the subject-centered conceptions in moral education, arranging the educational content rationally, and integrating the rational and emotional education approaches. The third is to improve the individuals'moral cultivation and self-restriction in order to ensure the unity of moral knowledge and practice.