"shi" Rhetorical Study

Shi ShuoXinYu,includes a lot of common saying and spoken language,which is equal to rasearch value,regardless of rhetoric in a broad or narrow sense.However,at the present,the study in this field is to be opened up.The auther studies the rhetoric of Shi Shuo XinYu by the angle of rhetoric device.Shi ShuoXinYu not only carries on the fine traditions,but also blazes new trails.The essay is divided in two chapters.First chapter,common rhetoric device of Shi ShuoXinYu.The chapter maily studies the common device such as metaphor,YongDian,and contrast.1.Metaphor of ShiShuoXinYu is splendid,for it broadly makes use of simile,metaphor,metonymy,Shakespearean metaphor and other tyles,which essentially possesses cheap figure of speech in present Chinese language.They inherit the figure of "Tong Zhi xiang gou"in pre-Qin days,advocate "Bi De shuo",and expond the special demon of Wei-Jin style by metaphor.2.Yong Dian is the place of strategic importance of Shi Shuo XinYu rhetoric.The allusions which Shi Shuo XinYu mostly applies centeralize in classic of Confusion and Taolist school,for they admire Taolist school,and Confusion school has taken root in the hearts of Chinese people.From the function angle,they can be divided into testimony style,substituting style and synonym style and so on,which includes a few different styles.Most of them are substituting style and synonym style, which has a new meaning.Yong Dian accords with Chinese tradition of "Zheng Sheng"and "Zong Jing"and strongly proves own point.3.Contrast is the rhetoric which Shi Shuo XinYu uses mostly,for Shi Shuo XinYu retains the mark of appraising figure rule in Han Dynasty.Names of descriptions of goods,such as "Shi Jian","Pin Jian","Shang Yu"are signs.Every tale of Shi Shuo XinYu make use of more or less contrast thought and rhetoric.The contrast of Shi Shuo XinYu is divided into one aspect in contrast,two aspects in contrast and three aspects in contrast.One aspect in contrast is nimble, including crosswise contrast and vertical contrast.Shi Shuo XinYu projects figure's mien by contrast,which proves who is senior or inferior.Second chapter,special rhetoric of Shi Shuo XinYu.The chapter mainly researches the new rhetoric device such as ShuangGuan,DaoFan,BiFu,and GuiXie. 1.The rhetoric device of ShuangGuan,mostly centerlizing in names of descriptions of goods of "PaiDiao",applies to ridicule opponent,which uses the styles descendents mainly sending such as XieYu ShuangGuan and YuYi ShuangGuan.Shi Shuo XinYu innovates a special style of ShuangGuan—XieYu ShuangGuan plus metaphor,which integrates the merit of metaphor and ShuangGuan,having a unique style.2.DaoFan is divided into DaoCi and FanYu.It mostly applies FanYu,including satirical and satiricless FanYu.Satirical FanYu mainly applies to criticize major issue of principle,which two classical examples are both in names of descriptions of goods of "FangZheng"and criticizes the two persons of valour and ambition then.Satiricaless FanYu is the lubricant,reducing friction,which resolves an awkward position.3.Shi Shuo Xin Yu likes drawing an analogy between modern people and ancients or contemporaries,or an analogy with contemporaries,which belongs to rhetoric device by the point of author.The merit is of BiFu is that it can imagine the unknown by the known,or the two known can be reference objects of each other,generally comprehending figures.The figure is very evident, which doesn't clearly indicate the similarity or common nature,only points to the ttwo persons and makes us imagine,leading to void and hard to ascertain.4.The rhetoric device of GuiXie can be divided into GuiYan and XieYu.GuiYan mainly centerlizes in names of descriptions of goods of "YanYu",in which the hero refutes the opponent's absurd words and defends one's dignity.XieYu mostly applies to smooth the atmosphere or gives a savour,and it follows no set form,seizing an incident to exaggerate matters,or JiFeng connecting each other.It is worthwhile to point that Shi ShuoXinYu has a style of savouring Tao,which is similar to "No relying on characters,but winning by one's temperment " by ch'(zen) school,and "Literature"(10) is the proof.