"/ Np" Structural Inspection And Research

Two basic words in modern Chinese,"up"and"down"are a pair of antonyms frequently used in modern Chinese, rich in meaning and complicated in usage. In modern Chinese, these two words can be either used as nouns or as verbs, and in particular,"up"can also be used as a qualifier. When used as verbs, these two words can be used both as action verbs (as predicates) and as directional verbs (as directional complements). The complicated and rich meanings of"up"and"down"pose a challenge to second language learners.This paper mainly investigates into the integration of"up"and"down"with NP, categorizes and describes the semantic features of those words after"up"and"down"and analyzes and summarizes the semantic features of"up"and"down". Then, this paper proceeds to conduct a synchronic description of the symmetrical and asymmetrical phenomena of the"up+NP"and"down+ NP"structures, on the basis of which it attempts to analyze these phenomena by means of the metaphor theory and the markedness theory in cognitive linguistics and give some objective explanation in hopes of constructing a relatively comprehensive semantic and grammatical system of the"up/down+NP"structure.