Studies On Water Transport In Fixed Assets Accounting

The fixed assets play a key role in waterway transportation, but compared with its role, the research on it in theory is insufficient. The paper will probe into the recognition, measurement, depreciation of waterway fixed assets based on the property of fixed asset and its depreciation.The paper starts with the necessity and imminence of the research on accounting problems in waterway fixed assets, and analyzes the characteristic of the fixed assets in waterway transportation and the reason for shortage of the research, then brings forward the research purpose of the paper, which is to resolve the accounting problems on recognition, measurement, repairs and maintenance,depreciation of the waterway fixed assets, to provide a direction of the following research.In the next, the paper focuses on explaining the recognition of waterway fixed assets, and puts forward if the potential service from port facility such as bulwark, navigation mark, beacon and so on, which bear the property of public goods can not be dominated or possessed by the corporation which constructed them, the expenditure of construction and repairs should be treated as the expense of the year; If the potential service can be dominated by the corporation or other port corporations pay for the use of above-mentioned port facilities, then the expenditure of construction should be regarded as the cost of fixed assets. In the circumstance when the ownership of the vessel is continuously transferred, it is the components and materials already taken boat, not the fund paid, should be regarded as the cost of " project in process" .Then the paper dissertates theory of parts measurement and its exercise in measurement and repair of waterway fixed assets, bases the measurement of the fixed assets on the parts, and distributes value of the vessel to hull, shafting and screw propeller, telecom facility, air-conditioning system, electric system, main-engine and subsidiaryengine system, and so on. The following expenditure should be capitalized: (1) adding new components; (2) replacing the current components, and all other expenditure be expensed.In the following, the paper expatiates on the recognition of the value of the port and dock during the construction of it. Because there is much indirect expenditure, and the ratio of it to the whole investment is big, so the allocation of the indirect expenditure is of great importance. The paper finds out the root causes that result in the indirect expenditure with the consideration of the theory of Activity-based Costing, and allocates the indirect expenditure according to them.At last, the paper solves the depreciation problems of the vessel that is sealed up for keeping and port and dock, bringing forward that the parts that are still worn down during the sealed period should be depreciated and the parts having no or less spoilage should not be depreciated according to the theory of parts measurement. The port and dock, able to be wholly renewed through locally overhauling in turn, should apply the method of replacement accounting to process accountancy.Xin Dawang (Finance and Accounting) Directed by professor: Shao Ruiqing...