| Since the 20th century, with the development of global economic integration and finance internationalization, the transnational bank has played a greater and greater role in economy. International supervision and cooperation became the important business of Central Bank. Transnational banks set up branches in many countries, and any country's Central Banks couldn't implement effective, prompt and overall supervision over them. Especially, for supervision dynamics on the transnational bank and international loan are different in different countries, the loophole in supervision over transnational bank has formed. In order to prevent a Domino Effect in the global financial market, which may be caused by one single bank crisis, Global unified supervision over transnational bank has a strengthening trend.Since the reforming and opening, chinese economy has been incorporatjng with international economy day by day, and chinese finance has become a part of global finance progressively too. Chinese banks and their branches around the world and branches of foreign banks influence each other. For the steady running and effective controlling over financial risks, studying the international practice conscientiously and supervising chinese banks according to the general game rule are very important and significant. The capital is the fundamental guarantee to running a bank qualifiedly, resisting the risk effectively, also provides the bank encourage and restraint. Ignoring the capital ability of the bank and expanding assets blindly will cause a hidden danger of the financial crisis on a large scale out of a bank's bankrupt. There are many lessons in world financial history.Basle Capital Accord is just to control transnational bank's ability ofexpansion, to guarantee the ability to resist risk, and to create a fair environment of competition. Since the first Basle Capital Accord was born in 1975, it has already been approved and accepted by international banks progressively, become capital convention of international banking, and made due contribution to the stability of international financial business.With the constant change of the international economy and financial environment, banks innovate constantly, the categories of bank risk in managing and weight on them have been changing constantly too, and the capital requirement should have adjustment correspondingly. Since 1975, in order to adapt to such constantly changing situation,the Basle Capital Accord had experienced times of adjustments and supplements. January 2001, after two years of ferment, Basel Committee put out the draft of New Basle Capital Accord. Not light changes, capital sufficient criterion and requirement in old accords are revised and supplemented overally. New Basle Capital Accord introduced new measures to grade assets and estimate risk. It's a fundamental weeding out the old and bring forth the new on rule of supervision over transnational banks. The new capital agreement will be put into practice on 2004 , replacing the 1988 capital agreement and supplement agreement in 1996.It's full of importance and significance to study new and old capital accords and analyze changes in core content for our further financial internationalization, facing gradual opening, strengthening our global competitive power.. This is exactly original intention of this selected works too. This text is divided into four parts.The first part, summary. 1974, Basel Committee was found after the bankruptions of Herstatatt BankFranklin National Bank. In September 1975, the committee of Basel published " Principles for the Supervision of Bank's Foreign Establishments ". " Principles for ComprehensiveBalance Sheet "was published in 1978. After several years of hard work and repeated consultation and revision, 1988 Basle Capital Accord was born , concluding four parts: (1) capital composition,(2)calculation of risk weight,(3) purpose of standard ratio,(4) arrangement of transition period and implement. April 1995,Basel Committee passed the s... |
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