| Since 1980s, global financial crisis had been happening continuously, the huge amounts of bank's defective assets usually are one of the major factors that caused financial crisis. Though there is no financial crisis in our country, however, many of the hidden problems which are prone to crisis still exist, which are especially shown in the way that the four commercial banks which take the major proportion of the national financial system are saddled with huge defective assets. This not only severely affects the normal development of state-owned bank and the reform process of state-owned enterprises, but also blocks the normal operation of the national economy, and makes the financial risk of our country even worse, which has become one of the major hidden troubles of our national economic development and financial reform. Therefore, in April 1999, four assets management companies were established, and started to peel off and take over some defective assets. However, when those defective assets of the state-owned commercial banks were peeled off and taken over by the management companies, it is only a change of the undertaking body, the financial risk is not released, and the defective assets that are peeled off to the assets management company is only part of the total defective assets of the state-owned banks. Currently, the amount of the defective assets in the state-owned banks is still huge, how to dispose these peeled-off and non-peeled-off assets, and how to prevent new defective assets remains an important thesisSo far as China has successfully entered WTO, the finance business will face a much harsh challenge. Under this situation, it is vital to tackle defective assets, and enhance the competitiveness of our financial enterprises in the international market so as to improve the preventive ability of our country against financial crisis. Therefore, this essay will completely and systematically study the defective assets of the commercial bank in our country, that is to study on the development situation of the defective assets of the state-own banks, the causes, disposition method, and preventive measures, and explore an appropriate way to solve this problem.First of all, the defective assets stem from the economy. The defective assets of our country derived from its system, because of the financial function of the state-owned banks in the long term, the state-owned enterprise do not return the debt of banks for a long time, and also owing to the long-term debt burdened by the national finance to the enterprises, many of the defective assets burdened by state-owned bank are virtually "societal triangle debts " of the three parties "finance-enterprise - bank". In consideration of the essence, the defective asset of commercial banks is a kind of systematic payment, and during the transfer of systems, since the old economic and financial system has disintegrated, while a new financial system has not yet set up, and the conflicts between new and old system are highlighted, and therefore systematic affects is formed.Effectively taken experience from foreign countries is a very important step for our country to tackle defective assets. It is generally accepted by international financial circle that assets restructuring shall be taken when over 15% of the total assets are defective assets. Based on this consideration, every country has chosen different modes of defective assets management, in which the United State, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Poland and Chile have completely put their defective assets in order, and made their banking business from peril to safe, and consolidate the financial situation, and made an excellent achievement; however, France and Japan are making much slower progress, and the effect is trivial, while Argentina has encountered current economicslowdown and political chaos due to its syndrome of excessively increased defective assets.The defective assets of our country started from early 90s. In fact, the defective assets in China's bank business have been existed in the... |
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