On The Reform And Improve China's Income Distribution Mechanisms And Institutions

Income distribution is not only an eternal theme of theory of economy, but also a problem of great significance in economic practice. Distribution relation involves not only personal interests of people, but also the stability of a society. Therefore, it is of vital theoretical and practical significance to make a systemic study and analysis of distribution relation by closely associating with current situation of income distribution and put forward corresponding reform measures by means of principles of economy of Marxism.In this paper, the author, starting with the adjustment of distribution relation and focusing on promoting the development of productivity, tries to give a systemic elaboration of how to perfect distribution mechanism and how to reform distribution system by making a concrete analysis of five pair of contradictions such as production relation and distribution relation, efficiency and fairness, distribution according to labor and distribution according economic factors, initial distribution and redistribution, changing the asymmetric income distribution and enlarging medium-income group.Distribution relation, the reverse side of production relation, is determined by productive forces and has counteraction to productive forces. Therefore, distribution relation must be constantly improved so as to promote the development of productive forces. To improve distribution relation, dynamic mechanism and balance mechanism need to collaborate. The essence of dynamic mechanism is to improve efficiency; the essence of balance mechanism is to maintain fairness. Therefore, perfecting distribution is actually handling properly the relationship between efficiency and fairness.To play the positive role of distribution mechanism, a reasonable distribution system must be established. Socialism demands distribution according to labor; market economy requires distribution according to economic factors. Therefore to develop socialist market economy, a distribution system combining both distribution according to labor and distribution according to economic factors must be well set up. Though distribution according to labor can see more of fairness of labor; however, a monotonous distribution mechanism cannot motivate the owners of other economic factors; On the other hand, though distribution according to other economic factors can improve the efficiency of othereconomic factors; however, without restriction, it will lead to polarization. Therefore, only when these two kinds of distribution mechanism are combined and co-work, can the distribution become perfect and play their effective roles in socialist market economy.To play the positive role of distribution system, the relationship between initial distribution and redistribution must be handled properly. Initial distribution and redistribution are two levels of distribution, which are closely connected with each other but are different from each other. Initial distribution exerts direct influence on production, so efficiency must be given priority so as to play its role of dynamic mechanism; Redistribution, as the supplement and remedy of initial distribution should see more of fairness and displaying its role of mechanism of balance. By initial distribution and redistribution of national income, the roles of dynamic mechanism and balance mechanism can be fully displayed.China is in the course of perfecting distribution mechanism and improvement of distribution system. Due to various complicated factors and lack of practical experience, in some sectors, there appears an income gap and the gap is widening in our effort to overcome the drawback of equalitarianism. In this paper, the author, by making an empirical analysis of current situation of citizen's income, tries to put up measures of enlarging medium-income group and reducing the proportion of groups of extremely low income and extremely high income, which will exert positive influence on perfecting distribution mechanism and improvement of distribution System, maintaining social stability and promotin...