Bills And Financial Credentials Fraud Research

This article discusses the identification of frauds on bills and financial certificates from four aspects. On the objective aspect, from the understanding of the word "using" stipulated in the Criminal Law Art.194 and the specific form of "using" in the reality, it deals with the complicated problems in the practice, eg: illegally using other's financial certificates, using false bills and certificates for pledge loaning, selling forged or altered financial certificates, using invalidated financial certificates, illegally filling rubber cheques, issuing bills by stealing another's seals, etc. It tries to give some sparkles and merits to the judicial practice through the theoretical pondering. Moreover, on the sides of the subject, subjective aspect and amount identification, etc, the writer discusses and clarifies some regarding issues, as well as some personal opinions.