Study Of Gene Patent Protection Issues

The　influence　of　every　significant　breakthrough　in　science　and　technology　is　not　only　confined　to　the　industry　itself　but　also　involved　with　every　aspect　of　our　society.　　Since　seventies　of　last　century,　scientists　grasped　rapidly　a　series　of　key　technologies　which　control　the　inheritance　and　evolution　of　organism---the　technology　of　genetic　engineering.　Ever　since　then,　the　rapid　development　of　the　research　in　genetic　technology　and　the　vast　application　prospect　which　appears　fundamentally　convince　most　scientists　that　21st　century　will　be　the　bio-economic　era　which　based　on　genetic　technology.　　　Genetic　technology　is　a　fundamental　knowledge　with　strong　specialization.　The　technology　achievement　which　embodies　by　gene　technology　is　natural　organisms　or　organisms　products　will　be　involved　with　complicated　social　problems　such　as　ethic　morality,　public　order　and　so　on.　Therefore,　there　has　always　been　intense　argument　in　patent　legal　protection　of　genetic　protection.　For　example,　the　significance　of　the　distinguishing　between　invention　and　discovery,　the　problem　of　moral　ethnics　in　patent　law,　the　standard　of　patent　examination　in　invention,　the　attribution　principle　for　right　of　patent.　　　This　thesis　will　discuss　the　genetic　patent　in　each　chapter,　chapter　two　and　chapter　three　will　be　the　key　chapter　for　discussion.　In　chapter　one,　the　author　starts　the　discussion　with　the　basic　theory　of　traditional　patent　institution.　Combining　with　the　development　of　genetic　development,　the　author　expounds　the　necessity　of　genetic　patent　application.　In　chapter　two,　the　author　introduces　his　viewpoint　on　relevant　problems　which　related　to　the　"premise　element"　of　gene　patent.　The　author　lays　his　emphasis　on　two　parts.　As　for　the　first　part,　the　author　points　out　that　we　should　grant　patent　right　on　gene　conditionally　by　analyzing　the　argument　whether　gene　is　a　"discovery"　or　a　"invention"　When　we　make　gene　patent　examination,　we　should　regard　coolly　on　the　argument　and　strengthen　the　examination　of　gene　patent　on　it's　"　three　characters".　As　for　the　second　part,　the　author　discusses　individually　the　patent　protection　on　genetic　technology　and　the　relation　between　social　ethics　and　public　order.　　In　chapter　three,　the　author　makes　a　detailed　analysis　on　the　countermeasure　our　country　should　take　on　the　examination　of　the　"three　characters"　in　gene　patent　by　comparing　the　stipulation　and　examination　practice　on　the　patent　examination　authority　in　America,　Europe　and　Japan　on　the　practical　applicability,　novelty　and　creativity.　　In　chapter　four,　the　author,　first　of　all,　discusses　the　legal　foundation　of　the　interest-share　for　gene　patent　and　makes　it　clear　that　what　gene　provider　has　the　right　to　share　is　the　interest　of　gene　patent,　but　not　the　patent　right.　Secondly,　the　author　lays　emphasis　on　the　discussion　that　gene　should　be　protected　as　a　national　resource　and　that　the　interest　provider　should　be　taken　care　of　at　the　same　time.　　In　chapter　five,　the　author　makes　some　proposals　on　solving　relevant　problems　in　China.　　By　making　a　key　reference　on　the　legislation　of　gene　patent　protection　and　the　problem　we　must　face　in　gene　patent　protection　in　our　country　as　well　as　the　successful　experience　of　genetic　technology　protection　in　other　countries,　the　author　makes　an　analysis　on　the　concerned　laws　and　regulations　and　legislation　proposals　about　genetic　protection　in　our　country　so　as　to　makes　a　more　perfect　and　reasonable　protection　on　genetic　technology　protection　in　our　country　and　to　keep　up　with　the　flourishing　present　status　in　genetic　technology　research　and　industry　development.