Land Urbanization, The Role Of Government To Protect The Rights And Interests Of Farmers,

Land is one of the most important means of livelihood and production for human existence and evolvement. Accompany with the speeding process of China's economic development and urbanization course, more and more collectively owned lands are requisitioned, more and more peasants lose their lands. However, in this process, requisition problems caused by urbanization have become serious. Governments tend to play as the executor of exploitation, in the camouflage of "urban administration" and "public interest". They requisition the lands from rural collective organization (peasants) at a low price, and then transfer by alienation or auction at a relatively high price, gaining profitable price difference. Peasants, as the owners or users of the land, rather than participating in the compensation negotiation, could only acquire slim compensation once for all, which even can not be totally cashed in sometimes. After losing the land, peasants just turn into citizens surficially, without the employment training, retirement pension, medical care and unemployment benefit enjoyed by real citizens. Gradually, these peasants grow into a group having no land to cultivate, no position to work and no shares of social security, whose legal rights and benefits are violated again and again. As a result, social issues such as poverty, appealing to the higher authorities for help explode, have become a social focus, hotspot and difficulty. This paper discusses the reasons leading to the above issues from a social law perception. It first explains the concept and the scope of public interest, and then speculates the role of governments in the requisition process. Finally, it argues that the peasants should be protected after losing their lands, and point that the relocation of governmental roles is the foundation to ensure the benefits of.