.1898-1911: Liang Qichao Constitutional Thought Initiation And Transformation

Modern ideological trend , constitutionalism of China , emerges following seriously national crisis .It is prosperous and strong for the country, in order to get rid of the serious national crisis day by day , Modern Chinese thinking beginners have learned on the understanding of Chinese style to the western words of constitutional government, cultural normal form of constitutional government on the of form a unique one " constitutional government-prosperous and strong " . In the culture form ,it regards Liang Qichao as the outstanding thinker to implement, and there aren't way of constitutional government of China. No doubt,to the understanding of the western constitutional government, it is just read by mistake .The beginners become standard- bearer and guide ,who agitate of spirit of times to constitutional government idea.They have just begun the tour of looking for one's roots in way of difficult constitutional government in China under their push.This text regards 1898-1911 as time slot to specialize in Liang Qichao's constitutionalism thought, we can seek his cognition of constitutional government and attempt to reproduce him between his idea and the constitutional government .So that we can examine closely and heart distance course that he think, and we find his thought germinating constitutional government and true reason changed . Article is passed by constitutional government thought Liang Qi chao studied stage by stage,we think Liang Qichao have stronger original thoughts in constitutionalism thought of period , and his cognition of western constitutional government words is full of insights. The subject of the article is divided into four parts altogether:The foreword has carried on simple retrospect and analysis about the modern thought of Chinese constitutional government .we think that the constitutional government in the western modern meaning is a result of the western social natural gradual progress of culture, and modernChinese constitutional government ideological trend emerges under western effective situation of challenge of values. The emerging of modern thought of constitutional government in China must change in the difficult linguistic context.First part Have carried on research to the germinating of Liang Qichao's constitutionalism thought of the Constitutional Reform and Modernization in the 1898 . The germinating of Liang Qichao's constitutionalism thought is mostly influenced by Kang Youwei's constitutionalism thought in this period, and " civil rights " and " parliament " are the cores of their thoughts, Through enclosing and proving Confucianism compared with western constitutional government thought, Liang Qichao draws support from the western social evolution theory , which has expounded the principles of " monarchical power " and " civil rights " .Liang Qichao has formed the mode of government form of constitutional monarchy that" monarchical power and civil rights " are the frame tentatively.Second part Have carried on research to the constitutionalism thought of the radical period of Liang Qichao's thought. On one hand Liang Qichao carried on deeper criticism to the feudal autocratic system in this period, who has proposed to implement the era of the constitutional monarchy subject. The authority questions of government and the people have carried the valuable exploration; After absorbing the western freedom right theory on the other hand, the thought is getting radical day by day, striving vigorously to advocate the revolution to arrange fully with destroying the doctrine, the thought is inclined to democratic republicanism, and has carried on the special argumentation to new country's view and freedom right theory under democratic republicanismThe third part By radical to move towards relaxation research of going on to Liang Qichao constitutionalism thought.,the article has been analysed by the radical reason to move towards relaxation about Liang Qichao's constitutionalism thought, and we think that the transition ofthis thought course of Liang Qichao has already had a factor of one's own personality , and the advice of teachers and friends. In addition,Liang Qichao knows to pay attention to the favor of the national theory about uncle's human relations ,which make him give up advocating the democratic republicanism theory for many years, the thought tends to the extreme one conservativly, which has formed the unique enlightened autocratic theory.The fourth part Research to the thing that the return of Liang Qichao's constitutional monarchy thought . Imperial Palace of Qing Dynasty prepare declaration of constitutionalism, which make Liang Qichao think in China implementing opportunity of constitutional monarchy , So he gives up maintaining before enlightened and autocratic , throws oneself into constitutional monarchy to moving actively, and comes back and comes up to the position of the constitutional monarchy. This period, Liang Qichao for constitutional government not western about Congress system, responsibility cabinet system, and judicial independence system. Puts forward the constitutional government system of the unique separation of powers.Concluding the speech and summarizeing Liang Qichao's constitutionalism thought t>f this period partly, the writer points out that Liang Qichao has very deep insight to the spiritual essence of the western constitutional government, true behavior of the concerned about one's country and one's people patriotic feelings that the changes course of his unique constitutionalism thought is oneself. It is a gradually deep course of one's own thinking of constitutionalism too, and his constitutionalism thought had a progressive meaning at that time.The constitutional government practice to our country has great directive significance.