Protection And Indemnity Insurance Legal Issues

P&l is the abbreviation for Protection and Indemnity Insurance. P&l insurance as a complementary, non-profitable, non-limited liability insurance covers the risks including all the risks that ship-owners shall cover, except the part that the hull insurance has already covered.Based on the understanding of P&l insurance, it's risk cover, and its development, the author carried out analysis and research on P&l club's legal status as well as the claim system. Though the research on the clubs in British and America, and in China, as well as their rules and codes, the author learns much from the comparison and hereby proposes her own opinions and suggestions.During the author's internship at the correspondent's at Shanghai of P&l clubs, she found that a large number of relevant parties were so unfamiliar with P&l insurance. Such parties do not even know the real character, status or the interests the clubs stand for. Consequently, the author briefly describes the history and development of the P&l insurance, and analyze the establishment, character and functions of the P&l insurance in Chapter I. The author also compared P&l with hull insurers in order to show the difference therebetween. Through this chapter, the author hopes that no relevant parties would get confused.In Chapter II, the author introduces the risk cover of the P&l insurance. Most P&l clubs in the world cover same risks, which are large in amount and complicated in contents. In order to give a whole idea, the author classifies the risks into four parts. Such classification may not perfect, but necessary. Furthermore, such hot topics as terrorist risk and oil pollution risk are involved in the discussion.In Chapter III, the author analyzes some problems and tendencies the P&l insurance encounters, and especially focuses on such in China's P&l insurance. She believes that such analysis and understanding must be useful in finding a right direction in the research in the next chapter.The last chapter is the core of this thesis. Through reading a large amount of...