Higher Professional Setup And Adjustment Mechanism Study

After the establishment of China, the government imitated the model from former Soviet of installing the specialties in colleges and universities, and taking the specialties as the basic unit of educating sophisticated talents. Installing and adjusting specialties became a constant task of the government and colleges and universities. The model of installing and adjusting mechanism of specialties in the planned economy came into being. The mechanism was running by the state mass controlling and uniform plan, and colleges and universities had no autonomic power of specialty installing. Because it fitted in with planned economy, so it had some certain advantages, but it had disadvantages such as misleading phenomena, colleges and universities couldn't set up the mechanism and fit in with the economy and social development on their own, confining the participation of society, excluding the market mechanism, etc.After the reform and opening, the planned economy changed into market economy gradually. The development of market economy has new demands for talents needed by society and it has great affection to the education of talents. So it is necessary to reform the installing and adjusting mechanism of specialties in planned economy, and to set up the mechanism in the socialist market economy.The market economy demands that in the task of installing and adjusting mechanism of specialty, we must bring into play the function of the state, the market, society, colleges and universities and harmonize their relation. Under the practical circumstance, since the reform and opening, the installing and adjusting mechanism of specialty has changed greatly, it can't fit in with the market economy, such as defects in state controlling and management, the avianizing of the function of self-adjusting of colleges and universities, lack of sensitive information net work, defects of market mechanism and no social participation etc. It is significant to analyze our installing and adjusting mechanism of specialty in market economy. The United States is the nation whose market economy and higher education system developed perfectly. The installing of specialty in colleges and universities can meet social...