Different Situations The Cognitive Effects Of Early Childhood Emotional

The research designed two kinds of stories in different circumstances, and took 120 preschoolers of kindergarten in Tianjin Normal University from age 4 to age 6 as participants, they were divided into 3 groups by the age. The experiment 1 and 2 researched the emotion cognition characters of the different age's preschoolers in simple and conflict circumstances, separately. The two experiments in different social circumstances, we inspected the emotion discernment and emotion attribution ability of the preschoolers in order to study the development characters of emotion cognition in different circumstances. The results showed that:(1) No matter in positive or negative situations, the ability of emotion discernment and attribution was improved with the age. especially in negative situations, There was a significant difference between the age 4 and age 5, while just kept stable between the age 5 and age 6.(2) There was significant difference between happiness and sadness. The ability of distinguishing the positive emotions such as happiness was higher than the negative emotions such as sadness. According to the two different circumstances, the way of the emotion attribution was different. The preschoolers mainly made the inner attribution when in the positive circumstance, while made the outer attribution when in the negative one.(3) There was not significant difference in judging emotions between the emotion expresser and emotion accepter in the positive circumstance for the preschoolers, while it was opposite in the negative circumstance. It was obvious in the age-4 group. The ability of discriminating emotion of expresser was higher than discriminating emotion of accepter. In the positive circumstance, preschoolers knew much more about reasons of the emotions why they expressed. They can judge the emotion of main character through the inner factors, while judging the reasons why the emotions accepters express by the outer factors. In the negative circumstance, it was difficult for the preschoolers to conclude the reasons for the emotion of the accepter, because the judge of the emotion attribution was due to the outer factors. It was much more difficult to make the emotion attribution of the accepter; nearly half of the preschoolers can't make the right explanation to the reasons.(4) In the conflict circumstance, no matter the result benefiting to the others or himself, the ability of emotion discernment to the main character was increasing with the age. There was remarkable change between the age 4 and age 5, while just kept stable between age 5 and age 6. The way of emotion attribution in the conflict circumstance was mainly result-oriented for the age 4. The age 5 and 6 will consider about the moral factor while making the emotion attribution. The way developed to moral-oriented.(5) There was a significant difference for the emotion discernment in two kinds of conflict circumstances. The ability was higher in the conflict circumstance that resulted in benefit for others than resulted in benefit for own. There was significant difference in the way of emotion attribution in different style conflict circumstance. Preschoolers was inclined to make the moral-oriented attribution in the circumstance resulted in benefit for others, while made the result-oriented attribution in the circumstance resulted in benefit for own.