Multi - Parameter Wireless Sensor Network For Confined Space

Sensor network is a bridge between the real world and the digital world, which greatly extends the function of the existing network and the range of human understanding of the world. Due to its features of low power, low cost, large-scale, and self-organizing, wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely used in environmental monitoring, medical care, intelligent home and other fields. WSN can solve complicated wiring, the difficulty of poor dynamics and other problems in monitoring in room, boats and ships, and other confined spaces. What’s more, it cuts the cost and is easy to expand.According to the practical application and development needs of environmental monitoring, a kind of WSN is put forward which is suitable for environmental monitoring in confined spaces. First, applications of wireless sensor networks in confined space are introduced, such as greenhouse, ships, mines, aircraft and so on. Then, radio wave propagation theory and models in confined spaces are analyzed, and several kinds of methods of anti-multipath fading effect are put forward, such as diversity technique and adaptive equalization technology. Based on these theories, low power, high reliability, anti-multipath and other design principles are used in detailed design. The low-power MSP430 series microcontroller is chosen to be the control core, low-power wireless transceiver chip AT86RF212 which is working in 780MHz band is chosen to be the wireless communication module, and different kinds of sensors are applied to the sensor and sink node to complete their task. The USB interface is used in the sink node to communicate with the host computer. Both hardware and software design of the module are completed, including the sensor module, the wireless communication module, the USB module and other modules. Computer interface based on LabVIEW program is designed. At last, this system is tested to verify both the functional and technical specification.The experimental results show that the WSN in confined spaces can measure a variety of parameters, including temperature, humidity and vibration, and has the advantages of high reliability, low power, and high speed. This kind of WSN has wide application prospects, and can be expanded to other environmental monitoring or other relevant areas.