Miniaturization Of The Traveling Wave Tube Electron Optical System And The Buck Collection Of Polar Research, Design Methods

Microwave Power Module (MPM) regarded as a super-component consists of a wide-dynamic-rang hybrid solid-state and vacuum-electronic microwave amplifier with an integral power conditioner, so MPM inherits their advantages and gets rid of their shortages. Nowadays, it's widely applied to radar, electronic countermeasure, electronic decoy, airborne or ground-base communications and other military or commercial systems. Mini traveling-wave tube (TWT) is an important component in MPM.This dissertation mainly discussed the design methods of electro-optics system of mini traveling-wave tube, including that of electron gun, magnetism focus system, multistage depressed collector and etc.The iterative formulas in Vaughan's iterative method has been discussed and more logical ones have been proposed. This improved iterative synthesis method will never be limited to the convergent Pierce electron guns with low convergence and low perveance. While the initial value of the half convergence angle arbitrarily varies in the range of 0°~70°, the proposed method would get reasonable results in the case of low-convergence, normal-convergence and high-convergence. The proposed method's results of guns with normal and high-convergence are very close agreement with that of Vaughan's method, and the results of guns with extremely low convergence are well consistent with the corresponding experimental values.The Tiwary's non-iterative synthesis technique is also widely employed for the preliminary design of Pierce electron guns depending upon four commonly used input design beam parameters. As far as the convergence half angles of Pierce electron guns vary in a wide range,some corresponding logical formulas for Tiwary's non-iterative method have been proposed. The improved approach results in very close agreement with that of Vaughan's iterative method and the difference of convergence half angle between them can be below 1o. Furthermore, the formula of the anode aperture radius of Tiwary's method is also logically modified, then its anode-cathode spacing and gunshot are as good as that of Vaughan's method. In particular, the accuracy of the improved method wouldn't be influenced by magnitude of convergence half angles any longer or its influence would be reduced largely. This improved approach with logical formulas will result in much closer agreement with the experimental values of the same except the anode-cathode spacing, when compared with many practical Pierce guns of different performance.A novel method of designing Pierce electron guns based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is proposed for the first time. The ANN method not only can well combine the good performance of the iterative synthesis method with that of the noniterative synthesis method, but also can make the most of these experimental Pierce electron guns. In the case of many experimental electron guns available, the merits of the ANN method are quite good. And it is numerically shown with over 20 experimental cases that the test results of the ANN method are much more agreement with the experimental values of the same than that of the synthesis methods.Knowledge-based Artificial Neural Network (KBANN) applied to design Pierce electron guns is another novel method. Compared with the ANN method, the iterative synthesis method and noniterative synthesis method would play more important role in the KBANN method, so the KBANN method will get more acute results. Moreover, the PKI model of KBANN is improved and the error percentage of its results is reduced largely.During the course of designing the electro-optics system, we have taken the advantages of several electromagnetics softwares and then found some error rules of ORION, EGUN and MAGIC used to simulate the electro-optics system.A mini TWT working at the frequency of 26-40GHz as well as the corresponding magnetism focus system, multistage depressed collector have been designed, whose performances have met the appointed requirements. In addition, another electron gun for a mini TWT in MPM at the frequency of 2-6GHz has been designed and the experiment shows that its performance meets the appointed requirements.