Ontology-based Multi-agent Negotiation Model

Negotiation is an important part in the course of e-commerce since theintelligent negotiation Agent would replace the artificial negotiation in the interest ofgreat improvement of efficiency. Similar with the artificial negotiation, intelligentnegotiation Agent may develop the process of negotiation in the case of somespecific suggest, which is necessarily composed of three basic elements:(1) common communicative language :(2) common sense toward the exchanged knowledge: defining ontology of domainknowledge by communicative language in most cases.(3) Common negotiation protocol: (in a narrow sense\definition) negotiation in thissense refer to the primary process of conversation and all kinds of possiblesituation responding to news(negotiation protocol also called Rule ofEncounter).In the negotiation Agent, the three primary elements is hard-coded in it, therefore, inthe process of the negotiation, negotiation Agent can only target the development ofnegotiation which is of the same system of negotiation. However, in the openenvironment such as Internet, negotiation Agent is facing a dynamic environment,unfixed communicated objects, the in-and-out of different structured agent at anytime, the constant change in all negotiation subjects, and possibly the differentopinions even towards the same things in every agent. So, traditional negotiationAgent must possess enough knowledge if it wants to survive in open environment.,including a variety of communicative language, negotiation protocol and knowledgeof the negotiation objects, these may lead to the abnormal complexity andimpracticality of negotiation Agent.Therefore, the problems that traditional negotiation Agent can't adapt to openenvironment are:(1) the mutual basis is hard-coded in negotiation Agent, which is hard to change according to different objects.(2) every negotiation Agent may use private mutual basis which is not shared.Yet ontology may express necessary possessed knowledge in a way of abstract in theprocess of negotiation Agent, which in turn benefit the common cognition betweenthe negotiation Agents. So, this paper applies the relative technology of semanticWeb to negotiation Agent and proposes a negotiation Agent systematic model on thebasis of knowledge ontology.The main contents of this paper research are:(1) constructing a negotiation communicative language knowledge ontology on thebasis of correspondent language which is facing the application ofService-oriented Architecture negotiation model.(2) Facing Service-oriented Architecture under the application of negotiationprotocol, combining contract net protocol with construction negotiation protocolknowledge ontology and describing rule of interactive of negotiation protocol byuse of rule language.(3) Constructing a tea market knowledge ontology and reaching a common cognitiontoward the content of tea market trade among negation Agent.(4) Constructing negotiation systemic model on the basis of knowledge ontology.negotiation Agent in this model discrete the knowledge ontology.(5) Connecting to the ERP resource interface provided by NO.33 reference andrealizing the dynamic use of ERP resource.(6) Changing indirect communication into direct correspondence which is facingService-oriented Architecture among negotiation Agents.This paper focuses on tea market and relative negotiation knowledge expressingin a way of knowledge ontology, makes use of rule language describing negotiationinteractive rule and discrete the knowledge ontology and the negotiation Agent.Through this way, I hope one may use knowledge ontology solving the problem ofheterogeneous negotiation Agent and make negotiation Agent joining all kinds ofprofessional marketing negotiation in open environment.